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VM744: THERIOGENOLOGY > Gross Anatomy of the Female Reproductive Tract > Flashcards

Gross Anatomy of the Female Reproductive Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What is indicative of long uterine horns?

A

Litter bearing species

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2
Q

Identify the following structures: vulva, vestibule, vagina, cervix, uterus, oviduct, ovaries, fornix

A
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3
Q

Identify the structure (horse)

A

Ovulation fossa - only place a horse can ovulate

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4
Q

Define: Germinal Epithelium

A

Coating of the ovary through which an animal can ovulate

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5
Q

Identify the Structures

A

Broad ligament - mesometrium (supports the uterus)
*Middle uterine artery - late term/near foaling can rupture and cause rapid death

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6
Q

Identify the Structure

A

Oviduct

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7
Q

What are the structures associated with the oviduct?

A

Infundibulum: adjacent to ovary, fimbria on end
Ampulla: central zone, site of fertilization
Isthmus: adjacent to uterus, utero-tubular junction (mare)

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8
Q

Identify the Structures

A

Uterine horns
Uterine Body
Yellow = Intercornual Ligament (ruminants)
Ruminants have caruncles that attach uterus to placenta

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9
Q

What are the differences in cervix types between species?

A

Annular rings (ruminants)
Longitudinal folds (mare)
Spiral cervix (pig)
Muscular (dog)

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10
Q

What are the vaginal structures?

A

Vaginal fornix
Vestibulo-vaginal junction
Hymen (mare)

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11
Q

Identify the Structure

A

External urethral orifice

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12
Q

What are vulva structures?

A

Labia
Dorsal and ventral commissure
Clitoris
Clitoral fossa
Clitoral sinuses (mare) - culture here to check for contagious equine metritis

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13
Q

Identify the Structure

A

Ovulation fossa

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14
Q

Follicles: Mare

A

35 to 45mm at ovulation
Palpation = water balloon feel
Kidney bean shaped ovulation fossa

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15
Q

Corpus Hemorrhagicum: Mare

A

Palpation: wet sponge feel

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16
Q

Identify the Structure

A

Corpus Hemorrhagicum

17
Q

Identify the Structure

A

Corpus Luteum
No papilla above surface of ovary

18
Q

What is the significance of longitudinal folds in mares?

A

Increased surface area
Edematous in estrus

19
Q

Function: Broad Ligaments

A

Mesometrium suspends uterus in abdominal cavity

20
Q

What are the anatomic barriers to reproductive infections?

A

Vulva
Vestibulo-vaginal fold
Cervix (last barrier)

21
Q

Where are the ovaries and uterus located within the abdominal cavity of the mare?

A

Ovaries dorso-lateral position in abdomen
Uterus often draped over pelvis in older mares

22
Q

Follicles: Cow

A

15 to 20mm prior to ovulation
Ovulation off surface of ovary

23
Q

What is different about the CL in cows vs mares?

A

Palpable throughout diestrus in cows

24
Q

Identify the Structure

A

Corpus luteum

25
Q

What is the shape of the uterus in cows?

A

Coiled uterine horns

26
Q
A

VM744: THERIOGENOLOGY (31 decks)

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