Gross Brain, Meninges, Dural Sinuses and Cranial Fossae

Question 1

What are the three main functions of the brain?

Answer 1

Stimulate movement
Maintain homeostasis
Produce thought

Question 2

What sulcus is located between the frontal and parietal lobes?

Answer 2

Central sulcus

Question 3

Where is the lateral fissure located?

Answer 3

Between the temporal and frontal lobes?

Question 4

What fissure separates the two cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 4

Longitudinal

Question 5

This lobe is associated with motor and personality

Answer 5

Frontal

Question 6

The parietal lobe is associated with what functions?

Answer 6

Sensory

Integration

Question 7

What lobe is considered the visual area of the brain?

Answer 7

Occipital

Question 8

What functions is the temporal lobe associated with?

Answer 8

Auditory
Speech
Olfactory
Memory

Question 9

This area of the brain is associated with fine motor coordination

Answer 9

Cerebellum

Question 10

Where are the cranial nerves located in the brain?

Answer 10

Pons

Question 11

What are the functions of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 11

Blood pressure

Respiration

Question 12

What fibers connect the cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 12

Corpus callosum

Question 13

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 13

Relay station for all senses, except olfaction

Question 14

What is the center for the autonomic and endocrine functions?

Answer 14

Hypothalamus

Question 15

What is the function of the pituitary gland?

Answer 15

Homeostasis

Question 16

Where is the sleep-wake cycle regulated in the brain?

Answer 16

Pineal gland

Question 17

These are nuclei related to emotions

Answer 17

Mammillary bodies

Question 18

What bones are part of the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 18

Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

Question 19

What cranial nerve is found in the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 19

CN I

Question 20

What bones are part of the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 20

Sphenoid
Temporal
Parietal

Question 21

What nerves are found in the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 21

CN II
CN III
CN IV
CN V
CN VI

Question 22

What gland is found n the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 22

Pituitary

Question 23

What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 23

Temporal
Pearietal
Occipital

Question 24

What nerves are found in the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 24

CN VII
CN VIII
CN IX
CN X
CN XI
CN XII

Question 25

Which cranial nerves have parasympathetic ganglia?

Answer 25

CN V CN VII CN IX CN X

Question 26

What is the name of CN V ganglion?

Answer 26

Trigeminal

Question 27

What is the name of CN VII ganglion?

Answer 27

Geniculate

Question 28

What is the name of the IX ganglions?

Answer 28

Superior and Inferior ganglia of the glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 29

What is the name of CN X ganglion?

Answer 29

Nodose

Question 30

What structures pass through the supraorbital foramen?

Answer 30

Supraorbital a., v. and n.

Question 31

Where is the foramen cecum located?

Answer 31

Anterior cranial fossa, frontal bone

Question 32

What foramen do the emissary veins to the superior sagittal sinus pass through?

Answer 32

Foramen cecum

Question 33

Where do the olfactory nerve bundles enter the cranium?

Answer 33

Foramina of the cribriform plate

Question 34

What structures pass through the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina?

Answer 34

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal a., v. and n., respectively

Question 35

What bone is the optic canal located in?

Answer 35

Sphenoid

Question 36

What structures pass through the optic canal?

Answer 36

Opthalmic a. | Optic n.

Question 37

What structures pass through the lateral part of the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 37

``` Lacrimal n. Frontal n. Trochlear n. Meningeal branch of the lacrimal artery Anastomotic branch of middle meningeal artery ```

Question 38

What structures pass through the middle part of the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 38

Upper and lower divisions of CN III Nasociliary nerve CN VI

Question 39

What structures pass through the medial part of the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 39

Superior opthalmic v. | Sympathetic nerves

Question 40

What passes through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 40

Maxillary nerve, CN V2

Question 41

What structures pass through the incisive foramen and canals?

Answer 41

Sphenopalatine a. | Nasopalatine n., CN V2

Question 42

The greater palatine n, a, and v pass through what foramen?

Answer 42

Greater palatine foramen

Question 43

The lesser palatine has what structures pass through it?

Answer 43

Lesser palatine n., a., and v.

Question 44

What structures pass through the inferior orbtal fissure?

Answer 44

``` Inferior opthalmic v. Infraorbital a., and v. Zygomatic nerve Infraorbital n., CN V2 Orbital branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion ```

Question 45

What passes through the infraorbital foramen?

Answer 45

Infraorbital v., a., and n.

Question 46

What structures pass through the foramen ovale?

Answer 46

Accessory meningeal a. Mandibular n., CN V3 Lesser petrosal nerve

Question 47

What structures pass through foramen spinosum?

Answer 47

Middle meningeal a. | Meningeal branch of CN V3

Question 48

What structures pass through foramen lacerum?

Answer 48

A. and n. of pterygoid canal

Question 49

What structure travels above foramen lacerum?

Answer 49

Internal carotid artery

Question 50

What structures pass throughthe internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 50

Labyrinthine a. CN VII CN VIII

Question 51

What structures pass through the jugular foramen?

Answer 51

``` Inferior petrosal sinus Sigmoid sinus CN IX CN X CN XI ```

Question 52

Where is the hypoglossal canal located?

Answer 52

Inferior to the occipital condyles

Question 53

What passes through the foramen magnum?

Answer 53

Anterior and posterior spinal aa. Vertebral a. Medulla

Question 54

What structures pass through the stlomastiod foramen?

Answer 54

Stylomastoid a. | Facial n.

Question 55

These drain CSF into the venous system

Answer 55

Arachnid granulations

Question 56

Where is the falx cerebri located?

Answer 56

Between the cerebral hemispheres

Question 57

This is located between the two cerebellar hemispheres

Answer 57

Falx cerebelli

Question 58

Where is the tentorium cerebelli located?

Answer 58

Between the cerebellum and the inferior portion of the occipital lobe

Question 59

Where is the diaphragma sellae located?

Answer 59

Above the sella turcica and forms the roof over the hypophyseal fossa

Question 60

What does the facial v. anastamose with?

Answer 60

Opthalmic v.

Question 61

What two structures pass through the cavernous sinus?

Answer 61

Internal carotid a. | CN VI

Question 62

What nerves are sheathed in thelateral wall of the cavernous sinus?

Answer 62

CN III, IV, V1, V2

Question 63

An arteriovenous fistula may result from this rupturing in the cavernous sinus

Answer 63

Internal carotid a.

Question 64

Thin non-vascular membrane that loosely surrounds the brain

Answer 64

Arachnoid mater

Question 65

Where CSF is found in the brain

Answer 65

Subarachnoid space

Question 66

What blood vessels are found in the subarachnoid space?

Answer 66

Cerebral and cerebellar

Question 67

Delicate membrane that surrounds the brain

Answer 67

Pia mater

Question 68

The middle meningeal aa. are branches of this artery

Answer 68

Mixillary a.

Question 69

Where do the middle meningeal v. drain to?

Answer 69

Pterygoid plexus

Question 70

What do the middle meningeal vessels supply?

Answer 70

Dura mater and skull

Question 71

Tearing of this artery leads to epidural heatomas

Answer 71

Middle meningeal a.

Question 72

Fractures through this portion of the skull commonly produce tearing of the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artey

Answer 72

Pterion

Question 73

Rupture of this vein produces subdural hematoma

Answer 73

Cerebral v.

Question 74

These structures limit hemorrhages in the subdural space

Answer 74

Falx cerebri | Tentorium cerebelli

Question 75

Two main sources of blood to the brain

Answer 75

Internal carotid system | Vertebrobasilar system

Question 76

The internal carotid artery supply these area of the brain

Answer 76

Anterior and middle brain

Question 77

This artery forms the basilar a.

Answer 77

Vertebral a.

Question 78

What part of the brain does the vertebral a. supply?

Answer 78

Posterior

Question 79

What are the internal carotid artery branches?

Answer 79

Opthalmic aa. | Posterior communicating aa.

Question 80

What are the branches of the basilar artery?

Answer 80

Inferior cerebellar aa. Labyrinthine aa. Pontine aa. Superior cerbellar aa.

Question 81

The anterio cerebral aa supply what parts of the brain?

Answer 81

Anterior/medial cerebrum

Question 82

What arteries supply the anterior/lateral cerebrum?

Answer 82

Middle cerebral aa.

Question 83

What does the posterior cerebral aa. supply?

Answer 83

Posterior/inferior cerebrum

Question 84

What arteries supply the superior cerebellum?

Answer 84

Superior cerebellar aa.

Question 85

What supplies the anterior/inferior cerebellum?

Answer 85

Anterior inferior cerebellar aa.

Question 86

What does the posterior inferior cerebellar aa. supply?

Answer 86

Posterior/inferior cerebellum