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Gross Pathology > Gross Pathology of Small Ruminants 2 > Flashcards

Gross Pathology of Small Ruminants 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What causes facial deformity and ulceration of skin and hard palate in sheep?

A

Pythium insidiosum

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2
Q

Cause of peri-nasal ulcerations and salivation (4)

A

Peste de petits de ruminant
Bluetongue**
Malignant catarrhal fever
Ovine pestivirus

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3
Q

Cause of nasal tumor

A

Enzootic nasal tumor virus 1 in sheep
ENTV 2 in goats
Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus- recently reported, usually causes pulmonary carcinoma

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4
Q

Nasal bot of sheep

A

Oestrus ovis

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5
Q

Nasal bot of deer; weird lesion

A

Cephenemyia spp; aberrent migration to cause septic meningitis

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6
Q

Cause of necrotizing pharyngitis

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum

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7
Q

What lesions are seen with disseminated Bluetongue?

A

Lung congestion, edema, systemic vasculitis

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8
Q

Cause of aerodigestive morbillivirus in ruminants

A

Peste de petits de ruminant- interstitial pneumonia, GI ulceration

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9
Q

***Diffusely, uniformly enlarged sheep lung (failure to collapse, diffuse pneumonia)

A

Ovine progressive pneumonia (maedi visna, sheep lentivirus)

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10
Q

***Enlarged sheep lung with area of tumor

A

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (betaretrovirus)
Endogenous

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11
Q

Other cause of masses in lungs (caudal, multifocal)

A

Sheep pox

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12
Q

Causes of shipping fever (bacterial)

A

Mannheimia hemolytica
Bibersteinia trehalosi
Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in goats

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13
Q

Morph with shipping fever

A

Diffuse fibrinosuppurative and necrotizing bronchopneumonia

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14
Q

Cause of cranioventral bronchopneumonia with sharp demarcation

A

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

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15
Q

Cause of caudoventral pneumonia

A

Iatrogenic aspiration pneumonia

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16
Q

Lungworm to know (most common)

A

Muellerius capillaris

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17
Q

Morph with muellerius capillaris

A

Subpleural, nodular, granulomatous lesions (cannot see adults)

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18
Q

Cause of lungworms in caudal large airways

A

Dictyocaulus filaria

19
Q

What should you look for if renal infarcts?

A

VVE secondary to foot disease, mastitis, ruminal acidosis

20
Q

Cause of hydranencephaly in sheep?

A

Cache Valley Fever (bunyavirus)

21
Q

When do sheep get hydranencephaly?

A

Dam infected early in gestation

22
Q

Cause of cerebellar hypoplasia(3)?

A

CVFV or Schmallenberg
***Pestivirus- hairy shakers

23
Q

Name of False hellebore?

A

Veratrum Californicum

24
Q

Toxic principle of veratrum

A

cyclopamine- causes synophthalmia
Day 12-16 - cyclopia
Day 28-30 - chondrodysplasia (dwarfism)

25
Q

What does Clostridium perfringens type D cause in sheep brain?

A

Bilateral necrosis of basal ganglia and thalamus***

26
Q

C. perf type D key histo finding

A

Intramural/perivascular edema of arterioles

27
Q

Cause of multifocal necrohemorrhagic rhombencephalitis

A

Listeria monocytogenes

28
Q

The larval stage of which tapeworm infects the brain of sheep? DH?

A

Taenia multiceps; dog

29
Q

What is the structure in the brain of sheep caused by taenia multiceps?

A

Cenuris- cyst containing protoscolices

30
Q

Cause of yellow brain in sheep?

A

Polioencephalomalacia

31
Q

What causes PEM?

A

Thiamine deficiency
High sulfur diet
Lead
Salt toxicity

32
Q

What weird thing does the brain do with PEM?

A

Fluoresces under UV light

33
Q

Copper deficiency effect

A

Neuroaxonal degeneration (no white matter)

34
Q

Lesion with spider lamb disease

A

Outward bowing of facial bones
Long legs (varus and valgus deformities

35
Q

Who is predisposed to arachnomelia?

A

Suffolk, Hampshires

36
Q

Pathogenesis of arachnomelia

A

FGF-3 deficiency –> uncontrolled cartilage growth

37
Q

Cause of multiple bone fractures

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

38
Q

Pathogenesis of osteogenesis imperfecta

A

decreased bone quality and quantity

39
Q

Morph with vitamin D deficiency

A

Osteodystrophy with inadequate mineralization of cartilage

40
Q

What causes osteopenia in these animals?

A

Starvation

41
Q

What causes lymphohistiocytic polyarthritis in goats

A

Caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus (CAE), lentivirus

42
Q

What causes suppurative polyarthritis in SR?

A

Mycoplasma synovitis

43
Q

Tumor at tip of mandible

A

Ossifying fibroma

Gross Pathology (19 decks)

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