Group 7- The Halogens Flashcards
(23 cards)
Are the halogen metals or non-metals?
non-metals
What type of bonding do the halogens use?
simple molecular covalent bonding
why are the halogens similar in their chemical properties?
they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell
What will happen to the halogens electron arrangement when the atoms bond?
they will gain one electron in order to form a stable full outer shell
What is the physical state and colour of flourine?
Colour= v. pale yellow State= gas
What is the physical state and colour of chlorine?
Colour= pale green State= gas
What is the physical state and colour of bromine?
Colour= dark red/brown State= liquid
What is the physical state and colour of iodine?
Colour= grey State= solid
What is the physical state and colour of astatine?
Colour= black State= solid
Which halogen is the strongest oxidising agent?
Florine
How can the reactivity of halogens be explained in terms of electrons?
F2 = 2.7 CL2 = 2.8.7
going down… less reactive, less powerful oxidising agents.
- All react by gaining electrons: X2 + 2e- = 2X-
- As the group descends,
* The electron being attracted in gets further from the
nucleus.
* Attraction for that electron DECREASES
* Hence reactivity/strengths oxidising agent DECREASES
Down group 7 what happens to the colour?
the colour gets darker.
eg. Florine=v. pale yellow/colourless
Astatine=black
Down group 7 what happens to the boiling point?
The boiling point increases
eg. Florine=gas
Astatine=solid
Why does the boiling point get higher down the group?
the weak VAN DER WAAL’S forces get stronger down the group as the molecule gets bigger.
What is a spectator ion?
An ions that does not change in the reaction.
e.g. magnesium + copper sulphate = magnesium sulphate + copper
sulphate is the spectator ion.
In the halogen displacement reactions what do you add the the halogen solutions?
chlorine water
In the halogen displacement reactions what would you observe in the reaction of chlorine + sodium chloride?
colourless to colourless ( no change )
In the halogen displacement reactions what would you observe in the reaction of chlorine + sodium bromide?
colourless to (orange) / yellow
In the halogen displacement reactions what would you observe in the reaction of chlorine + potassium iodide?
colourless to brown
In the halogen displacement reactions what would you observe in the reaction of bromide + potassium iodide
orange Br2 to brown
In this equation what is the
a) reducing agent?
b) oxidising agent?
c) spectator ion?
d) the thing being reduced?
e) the thing being oxidised?
chlorine + sodium bromide = bromine + sodium chloride
a) bromine
b) chlorine
c) sodium
d) chorine
e) bromine
Which halogen/s can florine displace?
all of them!
Which halogen/s can iodine displace?
astatine
