Group productivity Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is Steiner’s equation?
Actual productivity = potential productivity - losses due to faulty group processes
What is actual productivity?
The performance at any given time (due to successful interaction - the result or outcome
What is potential productivity?
The maximum capability of the group when cohesiveness is strongest
What are losses due to faulty group processes?
Factors that go wrong in team performance which impede/prevent group cohesion
What is group potential affected by?
Skill level and ability of players compared to their opponents and how difficult the task ahead may be
What are the 2 types of faulty processes?
Co-ordination problems and motivational problems
What do faulty processes do?
Reduce the level of cohesion and therefore lower the actual productivity of the team
What are co-ordination problems?
- Team members failing to communicate properly with each other, resulting in poot timing and set plays breaking down
- Team members failing to understand their role in the team
- Lack of understanding of tactics or strategies set by the coach
- Ringelmann effect
What is the Ringelmann effect?
As group size increases the individual contribution decreases, so more opportunity for communication breakdown
What are motivational problems?
- Over/under aroused
- Lose the drive to win
- Social loafing - reduction in effort and motivation
What is social loathing?
When a performer lowers the level of effort they contribute to the team because they believe that they are not a valued member and their input is unnoticed, so they stop trying
What are causes for social loathing?
- Lack of confidence
- Negative attitude
- Poor leadership
- Incorrect goals set
- Negative social cohesion may be present
- High levels of trait/state anxiety
What are causes of the Ringelmann effect?
- Lack of co-ordination in the group
- Lack of motivation
What is an example of the Ringelmann effect?
A rugby player performs much better when playing in a seven-a-side tournament than when playing in a full fifteen-a-side game
What are strategies used to improve team performance?
- Evaluate
- Clear roles
- Reinforce
- Team building
- Identity
- Strong leadership
- Set goals
- Punish
- Practice
How can evaluating improve team performance?
Highlighting individuals performance e.g. giving stats such as shots on target, tackles, assists
How can having clear roles improve team performance?
Giving specific roles and responsibilities in the team
How can reinforcement improve team performance?
Praising cohesive and motivational behaviours e.g. good teamwork
How can team building improve team performance?
Developing social cohesion
How can identity improve team performance?
Encouraging group identity e.g. set kit
How can strong leadership improve team performance?
Ensuring effective leadership style that matches the group
How can having set goals improve team performance?
Continually emphasising the team and individual goal
How can punishment improve team performance?
Selecting players who are likely not to sel loath
How can practice improve team performance?
Grooving set plays and training with an audience present
