Flashcards in Group Shit Deck (34)
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1
Group
2 or more people who interact with each other, are influenced by each other and share a common purpose.
2
Power
Is the ability a person has to get someone else to do something for them.
3
Referent power
Power comes from the desire to relate to the (powerful) person.
4
Information power
Having knowledge that others desire.
5
Democratic
The leader negotiates with the group and takes their views into account when making decisions.
6
Authoritarian
Leader makes all the decisions with NO consultation/negotiations and controls behaviour of all members of the group.
7
Laissezfaire
"Leader" is present but it takes no part in the group dynamics or decisions making. There is no real structure or authority
8
Peer group
A persons friends and acquaintances of similar age, interests and social standing.
9
Diendividuation
A sense of anonymity and loss of individuality that comes from being a situation where individuals can't be identified personally. It is a situation in which individuals are more likely to commit antisocial acts.
10
Zimbardo's experiment
IV-
DV-
PARTICIPANTS-
METHOD-
RESULTS-
CRITICISMS, ETHICAL ISSUES-
IV- the role the volenteer was randomly assigned (prisoner or guard)
DV- the behaviour of each volunteer under the role they were assigned.
PARTICIPANTS- 24 male students from the university
METHOD- randomly assign roles and leave them in a hypothetical prison.
RESULTS- abandoned after 5 days instead of 2 weeks formed psychological problems especially guards as they felt they were a higher order
CRITICISMS- violation of no harm principle, violation of withdrawal rights.
11
MILGRIMS EXPERIMENT
AIM-
METHOD-
RESULTS-
ETHICAL ISSUES-
AIM- to discover whether participants would obey an authority figure and carry out actions that caused severe pain to another person.
METHOD- participants were to push a button to shock another person if they answer a question wrong.
RESULTS- 65% of participants went to end
CRITICISMS- violation of no harm principle, violation of withdrawal principle, violation of participants knowledge.
12
Aschs experiment
AIM-
METHOD-
RESULTS-
CRITICISMS-
AIM-investigate the extent to which an individual within a group will conform to the majority opinion.
METHOD- participants were told it was for visual perception. And they were to answer the given questions in a room where other knowing people answered incorrectly.
RESULTS-74% of the participants conformed at least once. Giving the same wrong answer as the others
CRITICISMS- violation of the participants knowledge
13
Meta analysis
Is research that examines the result of many other studies and combines all the findings. This means research will have more confident conclusions
14
Normative influence
Try to adapt to a group and fit into a group. When members of the group change their behaviour to other members of the group to fit in.
15
Culture
Cultural socialisation is the process of transmitting cultural values and norms to ones children.
16
Informational influence
Not knowing how to act or what do to. Ask someone who does know.
17
Group size
Optimum number of people in a group to conform is 1-2 anything more doesn't conform
18
Unaminity
When every member of the group has a strong best result
19
Deindividaution
The loss of self awareness or self restraint when in a group situation they become less of an individual, because they have less of a responsibility in a group.
20
Social loafing
Describes the tendency of individuals to put forth less effort when they're part of a group.
21
Helping behaviour
Also known as pro-social behaviour. Pro-social behaviour is that which benefits other people and society in general. Usually voluntary.
22
Factors influencing helping behaviour
-situation
-social norms
-personal characteristics of the helper
-altruism
23
Bystander intervention and effect.
Bystander intervention is where a person voluntarily helps someone else.
The bystander effect is where the bystander more likely to help others in an emergency when he or she is alone rather than when there are other bystanders around.
24
Decision stage model of helping
1- noticing the need for help
2-deciding that it is an emergency
3- deciding to take responsibility
4- deciding on a way to help
5- taking action to help
25
Reciprocity norm
Do unto others as they do unto you
26
Social responsibility norm
Where members of society are expected to provide help to people who are dependant or in need, without the expectation for favours being returned.
27
Empathy
We find it unpleasant to see another person suffering so we take action to help
28
Mood
A persons mood has been four days to influence their propensity to behave in pro social Ways.
29
Competence
The way people perceive their competence to deal with an emergency will influence whether they will provide help
30
