Groups in Context Flashcards

Question

Factors affecting access to services Characteristics of individuals within the group, E.g. age, gender, level of education, culture, type of disability, first language spoken, socioeconomic status - GLBTI

Answer 1

AGE: Young might not know about types of support (healthcare, counselling etc) or struggle with identity and sexuality→ fear rejection from family/friends (keep identity a secret→ harder to access resources) Some young find it exciting/liberating Not previously consideration to older GLBTI community. Sex-Discrimination Amendment Act 2013→ now providers can’t turn away GLBTI clients due to sexuality, gender etc GENDER: All genders can access services; might mean disclosing info not previously shared; females more likely to than males Service providers need to use gender neutral language to make GLBTI feel comfortable disclosing and addressing issues LEVEL OF EDUCATION: Knowledge of diversity, support services, safe sex practices→ increase willingness to access resources improving wellbeing Need to educate community→ ensure acceptance, support of GLBTI individuals accessing community resources CULTURE: Acknowledging gender diversity brings ‘shame’ on family (leads to hiding sexuality from family)due to culture. Experiences lead to depression/anxiety→ reduce chance of accessing services TYPE OF DISABILITY: Some services don't identify and acknowledge variety of needs in addition to disabilities (don’t acknowledge GLBTI) Most services only deal with disability→ reluctant to advise services that support GLBTI individuals FIRST LANGAUGE SPOKEN: Interpreter may be needed; bilingual staff and client family/friends not enough→ may not be trained or familiar with legal/ethical issues (confidentiality), may not understand neutral role in interaction, might try to spare from bad news SOCIOECONIMIC STATUS: Better ses→ more services available, may be better able to afford private health care, suitable transport, secure housing Lower ses→ Less choice, rely on public healthcare, transport, financial govt assistance, counselling from charity groups. Regardless of ses→ those who reach out to service; more likely to achieve wellbeing

Answer 2

AGE: Age may prevent from having knowledge. Many find age prevents from securing greater responsibility roles at work, having opinion respected, gaining adequate accommodation. → Not given opportunity to acquire skills GENDER: Men less likely to seek help when confronted with physical/mental health issues Women feel intimidated if confronted by aggressive/humiliating behaviour→ less chance of seeking help from service LEVEL OF EDUCATION: Low level of education→ low self esteem, lack of self worth→ discourages from accessing service Many cases; education level linked to ability of obtaining employment CULTURE: Some cultures; women don’t need to be educated→ lack of motivation to be educated stops young women accessing services Absence of culturally appropriate assistance→ stop accessing services TYPE OF DISABILITY: May feel uncomfortable; discrimination still happens Taunting language, negative body language, lack of appropriate disability access/facilities→ won’t access service FIRST LANGUAGE SPOKEN: Language proficiency may prevent youth from obtaining employment; because of discrimination or low self esteem, SOCIOECONIMIC STATUS: Some services unaffordable E.g. driving lessons, skiing lessons etc Free services available; many still struggle, unable to leave employment to access service Low ses→ low self esteem, embarrassed to ask help, depression. Travelling to facilities→ inability to pay for transport

Answer 3

TIME: Must have time to be transported to service (usually time consuming) MONEY: Some need expensive equipment (E.g. Beach wheelchair more expensive) Allowances given, but income might not compare with full time employment ENERGY: Varies on age and condition→ may affect decision to be involved in employment/education courses KNOWLEDGE: Some can’t communicate→ some think lack of communication means lack of knowledge Tech advances→ more opportunities to acquire knowledge (but specialised equipment expensive) Difficulties accessing tech→ harder to find out about services in area

Answer 4

TIME: Perceived as having lots of time→ irregular sleeping patterns during night may be unproductive Time management poor→ lack of personal motivation Service hours, meetings→ seem irrelevant as don’t have schedules or deadlines MONEY: No money→ no employment, no bank account, fear of being robbed Limited money→ restricts access to services where fees are charged (Anxiety, low self esteem) ENERGY: Limited diet (sometimes only 1 meal per day) → lack energy Priority; maintain body temp, stamina→ won’t engage in unnecessary activity Reduced energy levels, stamina→ unlikely to walk to services; more prone to illnesses KNOWLEDGE: Likely to have lower education levels→ unlikely to know about services May feel uncomfortable asking for help; so won’t ask about services available

Answer 5

TIME: Need to be able to attend regular support meetings or functions MONEY: Need to pay for public transport/petrol to attend appointments with counsellor/healthcare worker ENERGY: Need energy to attend appointments with healthcare workers (E.g. If have depression) KNOWLEDGE: Need knowledge of online searching; find out about safe sex practices (prevent STDs or HIV/AIDS)

Answer 6

TIME: Many waste time (social media, TV/DVD, excessive sleeping on weekends) Some totally engrossed in study or sport→ don’t explore services available to them MONEY: If activity is expensive→ limits participation Youth who live at home/paying job→ access to services less restricted Youth who lack money→ limits housing, health, food, education options and ability to get to service Immediate need of food; more important than transport to visit service ENERGY: Lots of energy→ but many passive in leisure time; low motivation linked to low energy Companions needed to accompany→ limits opportunities available Some are isolated due to belief/value system (impacts sense of identity & desire to access services) KNOWLEDGE: Unaware of location/existence→ unable to use service Knowledge linked to education→ may not fully understand eligibility for assistance and don’t apply

Answer 7

PEOPLE WITH A DISABILITY Opening hours: Rely on assistance with toileting, dressing, feeding, medication→ may limit time to access service Confidentiality: Have rights to access service without disclosing unnecessary personal info and confidentiality Location: Provision of accessible parking spots? Rural areas→ may have to travel to access service Staffing: Staff need to be trained to offer support (many people with disabilities require assistance with paperwork, ad meeting govt requirements) HOMELESS PEOPLE Opening hours: Need night services (safety is issue as in day; sleep or looking for food) Confidentiality: May be embarrassed to seek assistance or feel security is threatened if details are recorded Location: Some have limited transport options (no money for public transport) Staffing: Staff may be unsympathetic, poorly trained, cultural barriers, prejudiced etc GLBTI Opening hours: Some open 24/7 (online chat rooms) some permanent hours Confidentiality: Prefer online/anonymity→ fear being ‘outed’ Location: If easily accessible, one less barrier Staffing: All staff need to be understanding and sensitive to needs of the group YOUTH Opening hours: Generally full time study/work→ access to services in business hours is difficult Confidentiality: Critical to feel safe and secure, need to feel comfortable, (E.g.when talking to counsellors) Location: As young people are less likely to own transport, services need to be located close to public transport Staffing: Staff needs to be supportive, need to be attentive and not patronising

Answer 8

Government policies and legislation and organisations that support the group→ create positive social environment Govt policy and legislation→ regulate, create equality and protect human rights Policy→ Beliefs/Ideology of govt Legislation→ Laws that exist in order to apply the policy Non discrimination and equality should be visible in all aspects of the law E.g. Youth: Education Amendment Bill: School attendance legal and compulsory until 17, person is in training or works E.g. GLBTI:Anti-Discrimination Act 1997: Discrimination on the basis of race, sex, disability, homosexuality, transgender status, age is prohibited

Answer 9

YOUTH: Services online or physical→ sense of belonging as people their age know what they are going through The way youth access these resources→ depends on factors that affect access to services Kids Helpline 24/7 → easily accessible, adolescent friendly. Helps youth with info about bullying, suicide prevention, parent separation, sexuality Improves emotional wellbeing, raises self esteem, sense of belonging Centrelink Youth can meet needs through payments Allow socioeconomic imbalance to be addressed→ economic wellbeing improved Can achieve specific needs; food, clothing etc→ adequate standard of living needs satisfied GLBTI Individuals may require specific support for ‘coming out’ to friends/family or if discrimination Whilst there are a range of online services, GLBTI individuals in rural and remote areas experience difficulties in accessing appropriate services. PFLAG Parents and Friends of Lesbians And Gays→ help, support and info to families and friends of gay people Sense of identity→ many GLBTI individuals struggle with their gender or sexual identity and coming out to their friends/family Organisation helps families work together to accept one another→ provides info, support Helps families be more understanding, accepting of diversity→ improves emotional, social wellbeing, sense of belonging and strong self esteem

Answer 10

YOUTH Universal Declaration on Human Rights: Advocates the rights of youth are the same as the rights given to all other individuals Human rights are universal and are to be enjoyed by all people, regardless of who they are or where they live; however, youth often face inequalities in following areas; Socioeconomic inequity (many youth are dependent on adults for financial security or are low paid, often part time employment Social inequity (social stigma and negative stereotypes; e.g. Youth are referred to as ‘Gen Y’ and too busy on the internet to contribute positively to society) Political inequity (Many not old enough to vote and often have no say in political decision making) Geographical (rural youth are at disadvantage in terms of education, employment and social support) Educational inequity (Particularly the case for socioeconomically disadvantaged and rural youth) Discrimination (on the grounds of racial, age, sexual and gender issues Unequal access to resources such as employment, accommodation, transport and health In order to address some inequities, a management strategy or action plan, needs to be developed; Can be using existing laws or proposing a change o existing laws, or creation of a new policy or additional government funding to address a need Sometimes when addressing inequities, conflict with other groups or competing financial resources occurs; comes about due to differing beliefs, values or standards E.g. Government can address socioeconomic inequities by providing easier access to youth homeless payments without need for passports, identification they may not have etc GLBTI Equity issues need to be addressed to create more equal social environment Meeting needs (SHESEA) Access to services (FAT LEECH) Health care (physical, emotional, mental) Right to equal employment opportunities Privacy and confidentiality Freedom from discrimination, stigma, harassment, and physical violence The legal right to marry (recognition of same-sex relationships by the law and society) E.g. Inequity that same-sex marriage isn’t legal or sanctioned in Australia. It was legal for 2 months, but then legally overturned and all marriages that had occurred were annulled. Discrimination Many young GLBTI individuals face harassment and abuse for their gender identity Discrimination may be obvious (refused entry to nightclub) or subtle (referring to something disliked as gay) Repeated discrimination→ stress, anxiety, depression Anti- discrimination laws in place but shouldn’t be needed Violence and harassment: Some use violence/intimidation to hurt/insult GLBTI Often due to own fears or lack of understanding of diversity Violence, bullying,harassment can occur in school, workplace, social settings→ experience isolation, threatened, low self esteem, suicide Health issues: Often unsafe sexual behaviour (STDs, HIV) Higher incidence of HIV in gay community→ prejudiced against Successful intervention.prevention programs→ counselling, education, medical treatment

Answer 11

YOUTH Education Amendment Bill School attendance legal and compulsory until 17, person is in training or works Policy improves better employment chances and better wages→ stay in school Youth Allowance and Abstudy Payments help socioeconomic and education inequity Economic Support while completing studies→ stay in school Concession Cards Cheaper travel on public transport/discount rates at movies Improve inequities from socioeconomic disadvantages→ improves community participation GLBTI Anti-Discrimination Act 1997 Discrimination on the basis of race, sex, disability, homosexuality, transgender status, age is prohibited Ensures GLBTI individuals can’t be discriminated against in accessing employment, education, accessing services (FAT LEECH) in the community Under this act, a GLBTI individual can’t be denied the opportunity to fully engage in the community Sex Discrimination Amendment Act 2013 Discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people is illegal Recognises importance to treat people with respect and without discrimination regardless of identity Promotes equality→ everyone is treated fairly and without prejudice or harassment Increases sense of belonging within community→ people won't discriminate and harass (harms emotional and social wellbeing of GLBTI people)

Answer 12

YOUTH Kids Helpline 24/7 → easily accessible, adolescent friendly. Helps youth with info about bullying, suicide prevention, parent separation, sexuality Improves emotional wellbeing, raises self esteem, sense of belonging Centrelink Youth can meet needs through payments Allow socioeconomic imbalance to be addressed→ economic wellbeing improved Can achieve specific needs; food, clothing etc→ adequate standard of living needs satisfied Youth Allowance Parental means and personal income tested→ allows youth to study full time, complete apprenticeship, move away from home if in difficult situations Improves sense of identity, economic and emotional wellbeing GLBTI PFLAG Parents and Friends of Lesbians And Gays→ help, support and info to families and friends of gay people Sense of identity→ many GLBTI individuals struggle with their gender or sexual identity and coming out to their friends/family Organisation helps families work together to accept one another→ provides info, support Helps families be more understanding, accepting of diversity→ improves emotional, social wellbeing, sense of belonging and strong self esteem Twenty10 Counselling, support agencies, accommodation to GLBTI community and their families Adequate standard of living, safety and security→ if GLBTI individual is unable to live at home accomodation provide shelter, protects the individual Counselling, support services→ sense of identity; families can be educated to be inclusive of gender diversity, maintaining relationship with GLBTI family member Beyond Blue (GLBTI) Online/phone support services, and info helping GLBTI people struggling with their identity or ‘coming out’ Sense of identity→ recognise gender diversity should be celebrated. Acceptance and support services help individuals cope and be proud of who they are Education→ how to cope with issues faced regarding coming out or transitioning→ helps individuals learn what they need to do in order to live in positive environment Health→ Mental health issues are addressed, how to seek help for mental illness

Answer 13

YOUTH Age discrimination: In the workforce, your age determines your pay. Younger youth receive less pay for completing the same tasks as older youth. STRATEGIES: Universal base pay. Specific amounts for everyone regardless of age. E.g. Everyone receives $15 an hour GLBTI No same sex marriage→ lobby to govt etc

Answer 14

YOUTH Youth volunteer around the community. E.g. Referring sporting matches, feeding homeless, reading at nursing homes. Can be loving family members→ help around the house, babysit younger siblings etc Go to school→ be educated, succeed in world→ make positive contributions to community May be role models, volunteers. E.g. Youth group leaders, scouts Youth are technologically advanced→ willing to share knowledge in new advances (internet, phones) May be involved in community organisations. E.g. SES, St John Ambulance GLBTI Promote human rights and greater acceptance of individual differences (E.g. Wear It Purple Day in response to suicides brought about by bullying) Willingness to challenge conservative opinions, attitudes towards sexuality Advocating for safe sex practices Contribution to arts community→ art as device for social change,expressing feelings, building resilience and understandings (graphics, drama, dance) Proactive organisation and support of community based support services→ members generate greater understandings of issues Financial contributions to economy→ Higher income sometimes provides significant funds to local, state, economies. E.g. Sydney Mardi Gras provides huge tourist income

Answer 15

YOUTH Volunteering: Challenges negative stigma surrounding youth and allows community to see youth interacting and helping others. Shows initiative, independence and youth as role models. Youth making difference in the community, helping others E.g. Youth volunteering for the Vinnies van, delivering food and hot drinks to homeless people. Volunteering late at night to help others. Handing out blankets etc and improving the physical and emotional wellbeing of homeless people. Social wellbeing improves as volunteers listen to the homeless people’s stories. Community attitudes positively improved as can see youth helping others. GLBTI Mardi- Gras: Influences economic wellbeing of community→ opportunities for local businesses and shopkeepers to gain income from increased pop staying for festival Popularity means more people in area→ increased expenditure,benefits local businesses and shops Tourist attraction→ economic wellbeing of community and benefits GLBTI individuals→ community is grateful for increased income & so will continue to support the Mardi Gras

Answer 16

Advocacy; Speaking up for human rights,drawing attention tos specific needs and concerns Effective advocacy→ lobbying, public education, raising awareness, engaging media to publicise issues of concern E.g. Advocating for same sex marriage→ lobbying politicians to promote marriage equality, ensuring media publicise issue and draw attention to current inequity

Answer 17

YOUTH Youth do great work that goes unrecognised→ society focuses on negative actions Youth achievements need to be recognised→ wellbeing is positively influenced Schools promote initiatives for and by youth Organisations, organise community awareness programs, activities for youth and broader community. E.g. Headspace E.g. 2014 Young Australian of the Year (Jacqueline Freney) Paralympian swimmer→ raises awareness of spirit of youth Shows with hard work and determination, anything is possible GLBTI Many who work to raise awareness, done to: Raise GLBTI visibility and raise awareness of issues/injustices Mobilise GLBTI population→ increases GLBTI community voice Fight for human rights Build support from general pop

Answer 18

YOUTH Often negative aspects of youth behaviour→ catches media attention Profiling collective and individual achievements→ generates heightened understanding in community Newspapers, promotion of activities, youth events→ educate community Informal networks→ inform local and wider community of events in which youth are immersed Local organisations that provide services, work with youth→ strong advocates of clients and educate community GLBTI Providing education→ beneficial to human rights, and is targeted at enhancing wellbeing of GLBTI individuals, family, friends and colleagues Reducing homophobia (anti-gay prejudice) and aim of zero tolerance of GLBTI harassment, discrimination and physical violence→ enhances individual and community wellbeing E.g. Sydney Mardi Gras Community organisation→ raises awareness and visibility of GLBTI community Variety of events, culminating in popular Mardi Gras parade Aus police provide education→ support programs, trained gay and lesbian liaison officers. March every year in parade to show support and enhance relationship with police & GLBTI community

Answer 19

YOUTH Rights protect against injustice, help reach individual’s potential and contribute to wellbeing Rights involve legal and moral responsibilities and have become laws in society E.g. Working with Children Checks Assists organisations to develop policies, procedures to keep children and adolescents safe Protects youth in out of home care environments (Fostering, adopting) Required for teaching, coaching, employing youth→ allows for safety to be accounted for, so no one faces discrimination or abuse GLBTI Protect against injustice, enable to reach potential and contribute to wellbeing Legal and moral responsibilities and have become laws in society No special rights specific to GLBTI individuals But United Nations Human Rights Charter→ ensures GLBTI individuals receive same protection against discrimination and right to equality as everyone else