GU

Question 1

What is the size of normal kidneys?

Answer 1

9-15 cm

Question 2

What is the echogenicity of the normal kidney?

Answer 2

Equal or slightly less then liver and spleen

Question 3

What is a dromedary hump?

Answer 3

Bulge on left kidney as a result of adaptation to the adjacent spleen

Question 4

Potters sequence? Insult?

Answer 4

Insult maybe Ace-I. Kidneys don’t form. Results in pulmonary hypoplasia

Question 5

If there is renal agenesis what else is related in women?

Answer 5

Unicornuate uterus (70% will have some gyn path)

Question 6

If there is renal agenesis what else is related in men?

Answer 6

20% absence of the ipsilateral epididymis and vas deferense +/- ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst. Absent ipsilateral hemi-trigone

Question 7

What is Mayer-Rokitansky-kuster-hauser?

Answer 7

Mullerian duct anomalies:
Absense or atresia of the uterus
Unilateral renal agenesis

Question 8

Associations with Horseshoe kidney?

Answer 8

Turners
8x increase in wilms risk
TCC (from infections)
Renal carcinoid
Trauma
UPJ obstruction, stones, infection

Question 9

Where is the ectopic kidney in cross fused ectopia?

Answer 9

Inferior

Question 10

Can RCC have fat in it?

Answer 10

Yes! Especially clear cell subtype. Look for calcifications. If not think AML.

Question 11

Most common subtype of RCC.

Answer 11

Clear cell

Question 12

What is clear cell RCC associated with? How does it enhance?

Answer 12

Avid Enhancement. VHL.

Question 13

What is the second most common RCC type?

Answer 13

Papillary

Question 14

How does papillary RCC enhance? What is it assoicated with?

Answer 14

Homogenous but not more then cortex. Hereditary papillary renal carcinoma

Question 15

What RCC is assoicated with SS trait?

Answer 15

Medullary.

Question 16

What is chromophobe RCC assoicated with?

Answer 16

Birt Hogg Dube

Question 17

What is the translocation in multi-locular clear cell RCC?

Answer 17

Xp11

Question 18

What is stage 1 RCC?

Answer 18

Limited to kidney < 7cm

Question 19

What is stage 2 RCC?

Answer 19

Limited to kidey > 7cm

Question 20

What is stage 3 A/B/C Rcc?

Answer 20

Stage 3 still inside gerota’s fascia
A: Renal vein invaded
B: IVC below diaphram
C: IVC above diaphram

Question 21

What is stage 4 RCC?

Answer 21

Beyond Gerota’s fasica / Adrenal involvement

Question 22

What phase is most sensitive for detection of RCC?

Answer 22

Nephrogram phase ~ 80 seconds

Question 23

RCC risks?

Answer 23

Dialysis
Acquire cystic disease
Phenacetin abuse
Tobacco
VHL

Question 24

Differential for solid renal mass?

Answer 24

RCC
Oncocytoma
angiosarcoma
leiomyosarcoma
leiomyoma

Question 25

Does ADPKD cause increased RCC risk?

Answer 25

Not unless patient on dialysis

Question 26

T2 Dark lesion in kidney DDX

Answer 26

Lipid poor aml Hemorrhagic Cyst Papillay RCC

Question 27

Bilateral enlarged kidneys with preserved shape suggests?

Answer 27

Renal lymphoma

Question 28

Most common viseral organ involved in leukemia?

Answer 28

Kidneys

Question 29

AML are assoicated with what?

Answer 29

Tubular sclerosis

Question 30

AML has risk of bleeding if over what size?

Answer 30

4Cm

Question 31

What % of AML can be lipid poor?

Answer 31

5%