Physics - Mamms Flashcards by Chad Klochko

What is the focal spot size for general xray?

0.6 and 1.2 mm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is PPV 2?

of actual caners found in a year / Total BR 4,5 (Recommend biopsy)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How many mamms months must you have to graduate residency?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the spatial resolution (lp/mm) of CT

0.7

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the RSNA say for lp/mm in the left-right direction?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What radiation effect dominates at lower energies?

Photoelectric

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How many documented hours of mamms education do you have to have?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is used to reduce scatter in mag views?

Air gap

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cancers/1000 screened

3-8

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What grid ratio is used in general rad?

6-16

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the effective anode angle?

Anode angle + tube angle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the max dose to the breast phantom with a grid?

3 mGy (300 milirads)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What happens to the dose with a grid?

Increased

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the max dose to the breast phantom without a grid?

1 mGy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What target/filter is used for denser breast tissue?

RH/RH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What can you do to Mo anode to make the beam harder for denser tissue?

Add aluminum filter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What target/filters will some digital systems use?

Tungsten/Rho Tungsten/Silver (Higher energy)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How often must you do: Viewbox conditions? (Mammo)

Weekly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the flat field test? What is it done for?

Imaging with a large piece of acrylic. Done to improve image quality and calibrate digital detectors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is PPV 3?

of actual cancers found in a year / Total BR 4,5 with biopsy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the binding energy of Moly?

18 keV

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the focal spot size for mammo?

0.1 and 0.3 mm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the bucky factor general xray?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How do you increase the spatial resolution in the mag view? What other variables change as a result?

Smaller focal spot. mA drops (~25) and exposure time increases

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the probibility of a photoelectric effect occuring?

1 / z3 (cubed) (z = energy)

How is the ma affected by decreasing the focal spot size?

it is lowered

How often must you do: Repeat analysis (Mammo)

Quaterly

What is the spatial resolution (lp/mm) of screen film mammo?

What is the ideal energy for diagnostic Mammography

16-23 kEv

How many mamms must you have read under direct supervision during the last 2 years of training?

240

What is MQSA required lp/mm for screen film?

What grid ratio is used in mammo?

4-5

How often must mammo centers be acreditied?

3 years

What is grid ratio?

H/W, H = height, W= width between grids

What is PPV 1?

of actual cancers found in a year / Total BR 0,4,5

What are the target annodes for Diagnostic Mammo?

Moly and Rhodium

What is the spatial resolution (lp/mm) of Digital radiograph

How is the exposure time effected in mammo for the smaller focal spot?

increased, but usually less than 2 seconds.

What is the MQSA phantom consist of?

50% fat 50% glandular tissue

What is the spatial resolution (lp/mm) of MR

0.3

How often must you do: Phantom Evaluation (Mammo)

Weekly

Who oversees the MQSA?

FDA

What is the bucky factor for mammo

How often must you do: Darkroom Fog? (Mammo)

Semi-Annually

How often must you do: Screen-Film Contrast (Mammo)

Semi-Annually

What window is used in regular diagnostic imaging?

Pyrex

What is ghosting?

Residual image from prior exposures. Why no lead in flat panel digital systems

What is the mA limts for 0.1 mm focal spot?

What is dark noise? What is it related to?

electronic fluctuations within the detector element. Proportional to the temperature to the detector.

How often must you do: Compression Test?

Semi Annually

What is the spatial resolution (lp/mm) of digital mammo

What is the voltage needed to get diagnostic Mammo energies?

25-30 kVp

What is the binding energy of tungston?

69.5 kev

What target/filter is used for intermediate tissue?

mo/rh

How often must you do: Processor QC? (Mammo)

Daily

What has a higher spatial resolution digital or analog?

Digital 5-11 lp/mm. analog 11 - 13 lp/mm (winner)

What is the target recall rate for mammo?

5-7%

What is the mA limits for a 0.3 mm focal spot?

100

What is the primary factor affecting the total noise in an image?

Number of photons interacting with the detector. This is fixed after the exposure.

What target/filter is used for less dense breast tissue?

MO/MO

What is MQSA standard for Lp/mm for digital systems?

There isn't one ( manufacture specs ~7)

What is the max dose to a patient's breast in mammo?

There isn't one

What does the RSNA say for LP/MM in the anode-cathode directioN?

What is the dose of Digital compared to analog?

1.8 mGy for Analog, 1.6 for digital

What happens to total dose with mag views? Why?

Increases. Breast tissue is moved closer to the source.

What window is used in mammo? Why?

Beryllium. Pyrex causes excessive attenuation of the energies needed in mammo

What is the general target annode for regular diagnostic imaging?

Tungston

How often must you do: Darkroom Cleanliness? (Mammo)

Daily