Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PCOG > GUMS > Flashcards

GUMS Flashcards

(94 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

are natural plant hydrocolloids

A

GUMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

anionic or non- ionic polysaccharides

A

GUMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Translucent, Amorphous substance

A

GUMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pathologic products

A

GUMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • form slimy masses
  • physiologic products
A

MUCILAGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

GUMS uses

A

ingredients in dental and other adhesives and in bulk laxatives.
tablet binders
Emulsifiers
gelating agents
suspending agents
Stabilizers
thickeners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

SOURCES of gums

A

Shrub or tree exudate
Marine gums
Seed gums
Plant extracts
Microbial gums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SHRUB OR TREE EXUDATES:

A

TRAGACANTH
ACACIA
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM
KARAYA GUM/ STERCULIA GUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TRAGACANTH source

A

Astragalus gummifer (Fam. Leguminosae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TRAGACANTH is commonly known as

A

gum tragacanth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tragacanth is from the Greek words

A

▪ tragos (goat)
▪ akantha (thorn) - probably refers to the curved shape of the drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Refers to the exuding and subsequent hardening of the drug

A

astragalus – “milkbone”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

( Latin) – “gumbearing”

A

gummifer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The new family name for Leguminosae is

A

Fabaceae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tragacanth- also called

A

gum
tragacanth or goat’s thorn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The nature of the ____ governs
the shape of the final product.

A

incision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

SHAPES of final products under tragacanth

A

vermiform tragacanth
tragacanth sorts
ribbon gum and flake gum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

wormlike and is twisted into coils

A

vermiform tragacanth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

▪ shaped is like irregular tears

A

tragacanth sorts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

tragacanth sorts color

A

yellowish or brownish color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The better grade comes from
transverse incisions made with a
knife in the main stem and older
branches.

A

ribbon gum and flake gum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

contains 60 t0 70% of, a complex
of polymethoxylated acids swells in water but does not
dissolve.

A

Bassorin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bassorin
▪ contains ____% of, a complex
of _______ swells in water but does not
dissolve.

A

60 t0 70; polymethoxylated acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Bassorin —Hydrolysis—

A

galactose+ Arabinose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
demethoxylated bassorin
(tragacanthin)
26
composes about 30% of the gum and is the more water-soluble component.
(tragacanthin)
27
Grade 1-
colorless, fresh cut
28
Grade 2&3-
exposed in air and stored for a long period of time, it changes color and turn opaque, more cheaper in price.
29
Tragacanth- most????
resistant gum to acid hydrolysis
30
uses of tragacanth
suspending agent emulsifying agent adhesive demulcent and emollient
31
ACACIA from the stems and branches of Fam:
Acacia senegal; Leguminosae
32
ACACIA Components:
arabin
33
Arabin: a mixture of
Ca, Mg, K salts
34
Arabin: a mixture of Ca, Mg, K salts for
1. Arabic acid. 2. Glucuronic acid. 3. Galacturonic acid. 4. Rhamnurnic acid.
35
-oxidation of primary alcohol of glucose
Glucuronic acid.
36
oxidation of primary alcohol of galactose
Galacturonic acid.
37
oxidation of primary alcohol of fructose
Rhamnurnic acid.
38
ACACIA Also known as
gum arabic
39
swelling property, most important constituent for acacia
Arabin
40
Gum + alcohol=
precipitation (incompatibility)
41
Acacia contains 12 to 15 % of water enzymes :
Oxidases,peroxidases,Pectinases
42
Acacia remains in solution at alcohol concentrations below
60%
43
Solutions of acacia have low viscosity and good stability over the pH range of ____
2 to 10
44
Solutions of acacia have low viscosity and good stability over the pH range of 2 to 10 ▪ these properties contribute to the gums use as an excellent???
emulsifying agent.
45
sometimes used as a substitute for acacia.
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM
46
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM source fam:
Anogeissus latifolia; Combretaceae
47
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM Mixture of:
1. Galactose. 2.Galacturonic acid. 3. Rhamnose. 4.Acetic acid.
48
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM color characteristics:
Colourless time yellow(10 days), pink ( weeks), brown (months) colour.
49
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM Characteristic odour and taste
acetic acid
50
It is a branched hydrocolloid
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM
51
GHATTI GUM OR INDIAN GUM readily forms dispersion with
cold water
52
Fruits that have peroxidases
apple, potato, banana, pears
53
KARAYA GUM/ STERCULIA GUM SOURCES: FAM:
★ Fam. Sterculiaceae ▪ Sterculia urens ▪ S.villosa ▪ S. tragacantha ★ Fam. Bixaceae ▪ Cochlospermum gossypium ▪ Cochlospermum Kunth
54
Sterculia-from the Latin
Sterculius
55
Sterculius the deity that presides over ____, and refers to the ____ of the trees.
manuring; fetid odor
56
KARAYA GUM/ STERCULIA GUM IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTIC: forms a:
discontinuous type of mucilage.
57
KARAYA GUM/ STERCULIA GUM COMPONENTS
D- galacturonic acid and D-glucoronic acid residue
58
KARAYA GUM/ STERCULIA GUM USES
bulk laxative Stabilizer dental abrasive textile and printing industries
59
MARINE GUMS:
ALGIN AGAR/JAPANESE ISINGLAS CARRAGEENAN FURCELLARAN/DANISH AGAR
60
Algin COMPOSITION
sodium alginate + alginic acid
61
ALGIN extracted from _____ by the use of _____.
brown seaweeds; dilute alkali
62
ALGIN Chief source: FAM:
Macrocystis pyrifera (Fam. Lessoniaceae)
63
ALGIN consists chiefly of the sodium salt of alginic acid Made up of:
L-glucuronic acid and D-mannuronic acid
64
major component of algin
Mannuronic acid
65
Sodium alginate: a mixture of:
Na-glucuronate; Na-mannuronate
66
Algin uses:
suspending agent food industry cosmetic preparations
67
Algin has a caloric value of approximately
1.4 calories per gram
68
Marine gums- considered as
Mucilages
69
oxidation of primary alcohol of mannose
Mannuronic acid
70
ALGINIC ACID characteristics:
★ is relatively insoluble in water ★ It is used as a tablet binder and thickening agent. ★ Useful gel-forming properties are associated with salts of various polyvalent cations and alginic acid.
71
CALCIUM ALGINATE keypoints:
Used in gelation purposes dental impressions The propylene glycol ester of algin
72
popular product in the market that contains algin
Gaviscon
73
tablet form for algin
Alginic acid
74
liquid form for algin
Sodium alginate
75
AGAR/ JAPANESE ISINGLAS SOURCES:
▪ Gelidium cartilagineum (Fam. Gelidiaceae) ▪ Gracilaria confervoides (Fam. Sphaerococcaceae) ▪ related red algae (Class Rhodophyceae)
76
PROPERTIES ★ COLOR: weak yellowish orange, yellowish to pale yellow or colorless
AGAR/ JAPANESE ISINGLAS
77
It is tough when damp, brittle when dry, odorless or slightly odorous, and has a mucilaginous taste.
AGAR/ JAPANESE ISINGLAS
78
AGAR/ JAPANESE ISINGLAS 2 major fractions:
1. agarose 2. Agaropectin
79
is the repeating disaccharide unit in agar
Agarobiose
80
is a polymer of agarobiose
Agar
81
Agar is a polymer of agarobiose, a disaccharide composed of
D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L- galactose
82
AGAR/ JAPANESE ISINGLAS USES:
laxative suspending agent and emulsifier gelating agent tablet excipient and disintegrant bacteriologic culture media
83
also finds special application in clinical diagnostics.
Agarose
84
Agarose also finds special application in clinical diagnostics. ▪ It is used as a matrix for:
immunodiffusion electrophoresis chromatography
85
RED ALGAE:
Carageenan Danish agar
86
major sources of carrageenan
Chondrus crispus Gigartina mamillosa
87
- is an allusion to the cartilage like character of the dry thallus
Chondrus crispus
88
is an allusion to the fruit bodied that appear as elevated tubercles in the thallus
Gigartina mamillosa
89
COMPONENTS of carrageenan
★ Good gelatin agents: 1. ĸ- carrageenan (Kappa) 2. ì- carrageenan (Iota) ★ Thickener, Phlogistic agent: 3. λ-carrageenan (Lambda)
90
carrageenan USES:
Stabilizer Firm texture and good rinsability Demulcent a bulk laxative
91
induce swelling, lambda carrageenan
Phlogistic agent
92
Danish agar AKA:
FURCELLARAN
93
FURCELLARAN a red algae from
Furcellaria fastigiata
94
This hydrocolloid is similar to ĸ-carrageenan, and it finds some use, especially in Europe, as a gelating and suspending agent.
FURCELLARAN/ DANISH AGAR

PCOG (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions