Gyne Flashcards
(115 cards)
1
Q
Describe the uterus
A
Thick-walled, hollow, distensible muscular organ
Location of embryo and fetus development
2
Q
Describe the fundus of the uterus
A
Rounded superior portion between uterine horns
Farthest away from vaginal opening
3
Q
What part of the uterus is the rounded superior portion between uterine horns and is farthest away from vaginal opening?
A
Fundus
4
Q
Describe the ratios of uterus to cervix in a female life
A
After birth, female infant has uterus with 2/3 body to 1/3 cervix due to maternal hormonal influence
Postpartum, 1/2 body to 1/2 cervix ratio
During puberty, body returns to 2/3 to 1/2 cervix
At menopause, returns to 1/2 to 1/2 ratio
5
Q
When is the ratio for the uterus 2/3 body to 1/3 cervix?
A
Infant after birth
Puberty
6
Q
When is the uterus ratio 1/2 body to 1/2 cervix?
A
Postpartum
Menopause
7
Q
Describe uterine horns
A
Superolateral region on uterus
Entrance points for uterine tubes
8
Q
What are the superolateral regions of the uterus and are the entrance points for uterine tubes?
A
Uterine horns
9
Q
What is the uterine cavity?
A
Internal space in body of uterus
10
Q
What is the internal space in body of uterus?
A
Uterine cavity
11
Q
What is the internal os of the uterus?
A
Passage from uterine cavity to cervical canal
12
Q
What allows passage from uterine cavity to cervical canal?
A
Internal os of the uterus
13
Q
Describe the isthmus of the uterus
A
Tapering region superior to cervix
14
Q
What is the tapering region of the uterus that is superior to the cervix?
A
Isthmus of uterus
15
Q
Describe the cervix
A
Cylindrical, narrow inferior region
Protrudes into uppermost vagina
16
Q
What is the cylindrical, narrow inferior region of the uterus that protrudes into uppermost vagina?
A
Cervix
17
Q
Where is the supravaginal part of the cervix?
A
Between isthmus of uterus and vaginal part of cervix
18
Q
What part is between the isthmus of the uterus and the vaginal part of the cervix?
A
Supravaginal part of cervix
19
Q
What is the vaginal part of the cervix?
A
Part of cervix that extends into uppermost vagina
Surrounded by fornix
20
Q
What part of the cervix extends into upper most vagina and is surrounded by fornix?
A
Vaginal part of cervix
21
Q
Describe the cervical canal
A
Small fusiform space in cervix of uterus
22
Q
What is the small fusiform space in cervix of uterus?
A
Cervical canal
23
Q
What is the external os of the uterus?
A
Inferior opening of cervical canal into vagina
24
Q
What is the inferior opening of cervical canal into vagina?
A
External os of uterus
25
What are the layers of the uterine wall, outer to inner?
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
26
What is the outer layer and serous coat of peritoneum on the uterine wall?
Perimetrium
27
What is the perimetrium?
Outer layer
| Serous coat of peritoneum
28
What is the myometrium?
Middle muscular layer
| Most vascular layer
29
What is the middle muscular layer and most vascular of the uterine wall?
Myometrium
30
What is the endometrium?
Inner mucous layer
| Closely adherent to myometrium
31
What layer of the uterine wall is the inner mucous layer and closely adherent to myometrium?
Endometrium
32
What is a hysterectomy?
Excision of the uterus through anterior abdominal wall or vagina
33
What is an excision of uterus through anterior abdominal wall or vagina?
Hysterectomy
34
What is the round ligament of the uterus?
Fibrous remnant of inferior part of ovarian gubernaculum
35
What is the fibrous remnant of the inferior part of the ovarian gubernaculum?
Round ligament of the uterus
36
Where does the round ligament of the uterus travel?
Extends from lateral uterus
| Through mesometrium of labia majora via inguinal canal
37
What extends from the lateral uterus, through mesometrium to labia majora via inguinal canal?
Round ligament of the uterus
38
What is the thick-walled, hollow, distensible muscular organ that is the location of embryo and fetus development?
Uterus
39
What is the ligament of the ovary?
Fibrous remnant of the superior part of the ovarian gubernaculum
40
What is the fibrous remnant of the superior part of the ovarian gubernaculum?
Ligament of the ovary
41
Where does the ligament of the ovary travel?
Extends from lateral uterine wall to ovary through mesometrium
42
What extends from the lateral uterine wall to ovary through mesometrium?
Ligament of ovary
43
What do the uterine tubes do?
Convey oocytes from ovary to uterus
44
What convey oocytes from ovary to uterus?
Uterine tubes
45
Describe the infundibulum of the uterine tube
Funnel-shaped distal end open to peritoneal cavity near ovaries
46
What part of the uterine tube is the funnel-shaped distal end open to the peritoneal cavity near the ovaries?
Infundibulum
47
What is the abdominal ostium?
Opening that leads from peritoneal cavity to infundibulum of uterine tube
48
What is the opening that leads from peritoneal cavity to infundibulum of uterine tube?
Abdominal ostium
49
What are fimbriae of the uterine tube?
finger-like projections from end of infundibulum over ovaries
50
What are finger-like projections from end of infundibulum over ovaries?
Fimbriae of uterine tube
51
What is the ovarian fimbria?
One long infundibular fimbria that attaches to superior end of ovary
52
What is the one long infundibular fimbria that attaches to the superior end of ovary?
Ovarian fimbria
53
What is the ampulla of the uterine tube?
Longest portion
| From infundibulum to isthmus of uterine tube
54
What part of the uterine tube is the longest and extends from infundibulum to isthmus?
Ampulla of uterine tube
55
What is the isthmus of the uterine tube?
Thick-walled portion which enters uterus horn
56
What part of the uterine tube is the thick-walled portion that enters the uterus horn?
Isthmus of the uterine tube
57
What is the uterine part of the uterine tube?
Short segment which passes through uterine wall
58
What part of the uterine tube is the short segment that passes through the uterine wall?
Uterine part of the uterine tube
59
What is the uterine ostium?
Opening that leads from uterine tube to uterine cavity
60
What is the opening that leads from uterine tube to uterine cavity?
Uterine ostium
61
Describe ligation of the uterine tubes
Done either abdominally or laprascopically though umbilicus and involves ligating uterine tubes so the oocytes never reach uterine cavity
62
What are the ovaries?
Small, almond-shaped glands suspended by mesovarium
| Responsible for production and expulsion of oocytes
63
What are the small, almond-shaped glands suspended by mesovarium that are responsible for the production and expulsion of oocytes?
Ovaries
64
Describe the vagina
Musculomembranous tube from cervix of uterus to vestibule of vagina
Between labia minora
Normally a collapsed tube except at superior most part that surrounds cervix of uterus
65
What is the musculomembranous tube from cervix of uterus to vestibule of vagina between labia minora that is normally a collapsed tube except at superior most part that surrounds the cervix of the uterus?
Vagina
66
What is the perineum of the female?
Shallow external compartment that contains female external genitalia or pudendum (vulva)
67
What is the shallow external compartment that contains female external genitalia or pudendum (vulva)?
Perineum
68
What is the mons pubis?
Rounded, fatty prominence anterior to pubic symphysis
69
What is the rounded, fatty prominence anterior to pubic symphysis?
Mons pubis
70
What is the pudendal cleft?
Anterior slit between labia majora
71
What is the anterior slit between labia majora?
Pudendal cleft
72
What are the labia majora?
Prominent skin folds
| Protect external urethral and vaginal orifices
73
What are the prominent skin folds that protect external urethral and vaginal orifices?
Labia majora
74
What is the anterior labial commissure?
Junction of right and left labia majora
| Anterior to angle of clitoris
75
what is the junction of right and left labia majora and is anterior to angle of clitoris?
Anterior labial commissure
76
What is the posterior labial commissure?
Posterior limit of pudendum
Overlies perineal body
Usually not present after first vaginal birth
77
What is the posterior limit of the pudendum that overlies the perineal body and is usually not present after first vaginal birth?
Posterior labial commissure
78
What are the labia minora?
Folds of fat-free, hairless skin enclosed within pudendal cleft and labia majora
Surround vestibule of vagina
79
What are the folds of fat-free, hairless skin enclosed within pudendal cleft and labia majora and surround vestibule of vagina?
Labia minora
80
What is the frenulum (Fourchette) of labia minora?
Small posteriorly located transverse mucosal fold
| Exists pre-sexual activity
81
What is the small posteriorly located transverse mucosal fold that exists pre-sexual activity?
Frenulum (Fourchette) of labia minora
82
What is the clitoris?
Erectile organ that extends from anterior junction of labia minora posteriorly to pubic symphysis
Branches into two crura
83
What is the erectile organ that extends fro anterior junction of labia minora posteriorly to pubic symphysis and branches into two crura?
Clitoris
84
What is the glans clitoris?
Distal anterior projection of clitoris
85
What is the distal anterior projection of the clitoris?
Glans clitoris
86
What is the angle of the clitoris?
At the pubic symphysis
| Bend in the clitoris at the junction of the crura and body of clitoris
87
What is the bend in the clitoris at the junction of the crura and body of clitoris?
Angle of clitoris
88
Describe the body of the clitoris
Comprised of two corpora cavernosa
89
What is comprised of two corpora cavernosa?
Body of clitoris
90
What are the crura of the clitoris?
Posterolateral projections of corpora cavernosa
| Associated with corresponding inferior pubic ramus
91
What are posterolateral projections of corpora cavernosa that are associated with corresponding inferior pubic ramus?
Crura of clitoris
92
What is the prepuce of the clitoris?
Anterior most junction of the labia minora which travels anterio to and variably covers glans clitoris
93
What is the anterior most junction of the labia minora which travels anterior to and variably covers glans clitoris?
Prepuce of clitoris
94
Where do the frenula of the clitoris travel?
Posteriorly from clitoris to paired labia minora
95
What travels posteriorly from clitoris to paired labia minora?
Frenula of clitoris
96
Where is the suspensory ligament of the clitoris?
Extends from pubic symphysis to body of clitoris
97
What extends from pubic symphysis to body of clitoris?
Suspensory ligament of clitoris
98
What is the vaginal vestibule?
Contains vaginal and external urethral orifices
| Between paired labia minora
99
What is between paired labia minora and contains vaginal and external urethral orifices?
Vaginal vestibule
100
What is the external urethral orifice?
Exit point of urethra
101
What is the exit point of the urethra?
External urethral orifice
102
What is the vaginal orifice?
Opening of vagina
103
What is the opening of the vagina?
Vaginal orifice
104
What is the hymen?
Membranous structure surrounding vaginal orifice
105
What is the membranous structure surrounding the vaginal orifice?
Hymen
106
What are the bulbs of vestibule?
Paired, elongated erectile tissue
Surrounds vaginal orifice
Homologous to bulb and corpus spongiosum of penis
107
What are paired, elongated erectile tissue surrounding the vaginal orifice?
Bulbs of vestibule
108
What are greater vestibular glands?
Paired glands
| Posterior to bulbs of vestibule, on either side of vaginal vestibule
109
What are the paired glands that are posterior to bulbs of vestibule on either side of vaginal vestibule?
Greater vestibular glands
110
What do the greater vestibular glands do?
Secrete mucus upon sexual arousal
111
What secretes mucus upon sexual arousal?
Greater vestibular glands
112
What are the lesser vestibular glands?
Paired glands on either side of vaginal vestibule
113
What are the paired glands on either side of the vaginal vestibule?
Lesser vestibular glands
114
What do the lesser vestibular glands do?
Secrete mucus between external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice, moistening labia and vaginal vestibule
115
What secretes mucus between external urethral orifice and vaginal orifice to moisten labia and vaginal vestibule?
Lesser vestibular glands
