H8 - H7 Legacy And H8 FP Flashcards
How was H7 legacy to H8? - positives
- overall stable
- huge financial legacy
- good trade links and treaties
- Spanish alliance
- gov in order and good parliament relationship
- yorkist threat demolished
H7 legacy to H8? - negatives
- corrupt church
- nobility unhappy as crown taking their money
- no standing army and small navy - 12 ships
What was H8 like?
- ruthless
- honour
- military glory
- gluttonous
- sportsman
- hierchal society
- no political experience - relied on intellectuals
When did Henry 8th become king?
April 1509
What did H do when he became king?
- married Catherine of Aragon
- scrapped bonds and recog
- set up committee for people’s grievances
- Empson and Dudley executed
H8’s foreign policy aims?
- regain control of former French territories
- establish himself as equal with Francis I (Fr) and Charles V (HRE)
- maintain Netherlands links - cloth trade
- secure family’s inheritance and succession
When was treaty of etaples renewed with France?
1510
FP 1509-1514
Renew treat of etaples with France (1510)
H wants claim to fr throne
Pope needs to defend Papal States from fr invasion so forms Holy league (1511). Eng joins
Opportunity for french invasion
1514-1517 FP
Natural rivalry between Francis I (increasingly dominant) and H8
Charles I (Spain) doesn’t want war immediately so signs treaty of noyon (peace w France)
Max makes peace with France - treaty of Cambrai
England left isolated from politics and humiliated
Scarisbrick - ‘laughing stock of Europe’
1509-1514 FP invasions
Bordeaux and Brest invasions failed
3rd invasion - Calais - Wolsey. 30,000 men. CV joins but actually using H as wants burgundy
Joint Anglo-Spanish attack 1512 - sp used English as a diversion and eng waited for Spanish who never came - 3d’s
H determined - Captured tournai and therouanne. Battle of spurs - skirmish
While H was away Scottish invaded north. Eng defeat and kill JIV battle of flodden fields
Eng now alone - signed treaty of st Germain en laye - Anglo french treaty
FP 1518-21 new approach
Wol creates idea of universal peace with England at the centre
T of London 1518 - fr papacy Spain hre eng agree to collective security and non aggression. 24 countries included
England as peace maker/arbiter
Doesn’t last. Max dies in 1519 and upsets BofP. Eng can’t dictate to new CV
1520 cloth of gold?
H8 and Fr I meet at huge jousting tournament
Continuation of peaceful relationship
Bought England prestige but increasingly tense in England
Increased rivalry???
FP 1521-25
War with France looking likely - CV looking to invade. Anglo imperial alliance (cv and h) unpopular in eng
Eng tried to be arbiter and failed
English armies in fr 1522 but didn’t want war - unprepared and lack of resources - 3 prolonged attack. Failed
CV disappointed in ally
CV wins battle of Pavia 1525 - Francis captured
Second half of FP 1521-25
H8 saw pefect time to claim french throne
Needed money tho - amicable grant 1525. Refusal to pay and rebellion in east anglia
Rel w CV turns sour as C doesn’t want to share spoils with England
Anglo imperial rel on the rocks
FP 1525-29
CV dominant in Europe
Eng = no money and no glory
CV humiliates Fr and sends him back to France
Treaty of Westminster 1527 - eng alliance w France. Papal policy = pope controlled by CV
State worsens and also H wants divorce from CofA.
1529 peace of Cambrai - eng not included
