Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

KC'S CLASS > HA HEART AND NECK VESSELS > Flashcards

HA HEART AND NECK VESSELS Flashcards

(75 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

is highly complex, consisting of the heart and a closed
system of blood vessels.

A

cardiovascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

To collect accurate data and correctly interpret it

A

the
examiner must have an understanding of the structure and function of the
- heart,
- the great vessels,
- the electrical conduction system of the heart,
- the cardiac cycle,
- the production of heart sounds,
- cardiac output (CO)
-the neck vessels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

is a hollow, muscular, four-chambered (left and right atria, and left and
right ventricles) organ located in the middle of the thoracic cavity between the lungs
in the space called the mediastinum.

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

in the middle of the thoracic cavity between the lungs
in the space called

A

mediastinum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Size of the Heart

A

-size of a clenched fist -255 g (9 oz) in women -310 g (10.9 oz) in men.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The heart extends
vertically from

A

the left second to the left fifth intercostal space (ICS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The heart extends
horizontally from

A

the right edge of the sternum to the left midclavicular line (MCL).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The heart can be described as

A

inverted cone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Base

A

The upper portion, near the left second ICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Apex

A

the lower portion, near the left fifth ICS and the left MCL,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The anterior chest area that overlies the heart and great vessels is called the

A

precordium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pumps blood to the lungs for
gas exchange (pulmonary circulation) by removing CO2 from blood and
replenishing oxygen supply. It occurs between alveoli and the blood of lungs

A

The right side of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pumps blood to all other parts of the body (systemic circulation).

A

; the left side of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The large veins and arteries leading directly to and away from the heart are referred to as the

A

great vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

return blood to
the right atrium from the upper and lower torsos, respectively.

A

The superior and inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

exits the right ventricle, bifurcates, and carries blood to the lungs.

A

pulmonary
artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

return oxygenated blood to the left atrium.

A

pulmonary veins (two from each lung)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

transports oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The heart consists of four chambers, or cavities:

A

two upper chambers
-the right and
left atria,
two lower chambers,
-the right and left ventricles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The right and left
sides of the heart are separated by a partition called

A

septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

receive blood returning to the heart and pump blood into the ventricles.

A

The thin-walled
atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

pump blood out of the heart.

A

The
thicker-walled ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

true/false
The left ventricle is thicker than the right ventricle

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which side of the heart has greaer workload

A

left sideof the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
are located at the entrance to the ventricles.
atrioventricular (AV) valves
26
There are two AV valves:
-the tricuspid valve -the bicuspid (mitral) valve.
27
is composed of three cusps, or flaps, and is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
tricuspid valve
28
is composed of two cusps and is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
the bicuspid (mitral) valve
29
called chordae tendineae, anchor the AV valve flaps to papillary muscles within the ventricles.
Collagen fibers
30
are located at the exit of each ventricle at the beginning of the great vessels.
semilunar valves
31
Each valve has three cusps that look like half-moons, hence the name “semilunar.”
32
There are two semilunar valves:
-pulmonic valve -aortic valve
33
is located at the entrance of the pulmonary artery as it exits the right ventricle
pulmonic valve
34
is located at the beginning of the ascending aorta as it exits the left ventricle.
aortic valve
35
These valves are open during ventricular contraction and close from the pressure of blood when the ventricles relax.
Aortic valve Pulmonary valve
36
is a tough, inextensible, loose-fitting, fibroserous sac that attaches to the great vessels and surrounds the heart.
pericardium
37
A serous membrane lining, secretes a small amount of pericardial fluid that allows for smooth, friction-free movement of the heart.
parietal pericardium
38
serous membrane covers the outer surface of the heart and is known as the
epicardium
39
is the thickest layer of the heart, made up of contractile cardiac muscle cells.
myocardium
40
is a thin layer of endothelial tissue that forms the innermost layer of the heart and is continuous with the endothelial lining of blood vessels
endocardium
41
They can spontaneously generate an electrical impulse and conduct it through the heart.
cardiac muscle cells
42
The generation and conduction of electrical impulses by specialized sections of the myocardium regulate the events associated with the filling and emptying of the cardiac chambers. The process is called the
cardiac cycle
43
(or sinus node) is located on the posterior wall of the right atrium near the junction of the superior and inferior vena cava.
sinoatrial (SA( node
44
functions as the “pacemaker of the heart,”
SA node
45
(with an inherent discharge of 40–60/min), if the SA node cannot function
Bundle of His
46
which records the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac muscle.
electrocardiography
47
refers to the filling and emptying of the heart’s chambers.
cardiac cycle
48
The cardiac cycle has two phases:
-diastole -systole
49
(relaxation of the ventricles, known as filling)
diastole
50
(contraction of the ventricles, known as emptying)
systole
51
This early, rapid, passive filling is called
early or protodiastolic filling.
52
This final active filling phase is called
presystole, atrial systole, or sometimes the atrial kick.
53
are produced by valve closure, as just described.
Heart sounds
54
true/false the valve closure is silent
false, the opening of valves is silent
55
true/false Normal heart sounds, characterized as “lub-dub” (S1 and S4)
False, S2
56
may be seen with weak heart muscles, an attempt by the heart to increase CO.
Tachycardia
57
may occur with an abnormality of the heart’s conduction system (arrhythmias) or during the heart’s attempt to increase CO by increasing the HR.
Palpitations
58
may result from compromised CO.
Fatigue
59
may result from congestive heart failure, pulmonary disorders, coronary artery disease, myocardial ischemia, and myocardial infarction
dyspnea
60
is the need to sit more upright to breathe easily due to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
orthopnea
61
Waking up from dyspnea during the night, ) is seen with heart failure due to redistribution of fluid from the ankles to the lungs when one lies down at night. The failing heart cannot accommodate the increased load.
(paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea)
62
may indicate decreased blood flow to the brain due to myocardial damage.
Dizziness
63
The phases of the ECG
P, Q, R, S, and T
64
The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs for gas exchange. this is what we called
Pulmonary Circulation
65
The left side of the heart pumps blood to all other parts of the body. this is what we called
Systematic Circulation
66
The large veins and arteries leading directly to and away from the heart are referred to as the
Great Vessels
67
Circulation of Blood Through the Heart
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava -Right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary valve - pulmonary artery - lungs - left atrium - left ventricle - aorta - rest of the body.
68
electrical impulses, which are generated by the SA node and travel throughout the cardiac conduction circuit , can be detected on the surface of the skin.
Electrical Activity
69
Neck Vessels include ------ and -------
Carotid Artery and Jugular Veins
70
reflect rise in arterial pressure that occurs with atrial contraction.
a wave
71
reflects right atrial relaxation and descent of the atrial floor during ventricular systole.
x descent
72
reflects right atrial filling. Increased volume, and increased atrial pressure.
v wave
73
reflects right atrial emptyinginto the right ventricle and decreased atrial pressure
y descent
74
Assessment Technique for Neck
Inspect Auscultate Palpate
75
Assessment Technique for Heart
Inspect Palpate Auscultate

KC'S CLASS (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions