haem

Question 1

CD10, 19, 22
Intracellular TdT

what condition is this?

Answer 1

CD10, 19, 22 (B cell markers)
Intracellular TdT (Immature / precursor cells)

B lymphoblatic lymphoma (B-LBL)

Question 2

what is Zap70 and CD38 related to

Answer 2

shorter survival (worse prognosis) in SLL / CLL

Question 3

difference btwn SLL and CLL

Answer 3

same disease but SLL is lymphoma, leukocytosis in the LN, BM or other lymphoid tissue.
CLL is leukocytosis in the blood.

Differentiated by WCC. WCC rise means CLL, WCC normal means SLL.

Question 4

presentation for SLL / CLL

Answer 4

IBEARS

Incidental finding on routine FBC (generally well)
BM failure (thrombocytopeia, anaemia)
Enlarged LN (Lymphadenopathy)
Autoimmune disorders
Recurrent infections
Splenomegaly (P/w abdominal pain)

Question 5

what are the presentations of Hodgkin’s

Answer 5

• mainly affecting the cervical lymph nodes
• can present as a mediastinal mass, causing cough and dyspnea
• B symptoms: fever, night sweats, weight loss
• classifcaly specific symptoms are
  1. alcohol induced bone pain
  2. pruritus without rash

Question 6

1. alcohol induced bone pain
2. pruritus without rash

Answer 6

hodgkin’s

Question 7

t(4;11)

Answer 7

ALL

Question 8

t(8;14)

Answer 8

Burkitt-type B-ALL
Burkitt lymphoma

Question 9

t(8;21)

Answer 9

AML

Question 10

NPM1 (30%), FLT3-ITD (25%), DNMT3A

Answer 10

AML

Question 11

APML

Answer 11

t(15;17)

Question 12

t(15;17)

Answer 12

APML

Question 13

what is the philadelphia chromosome

Answer 13

t(19;22)

when the ABL gene on chr 19 is translocated with the BCR gene on chr 22, forming the BCR:ABL fusion gene.

Question 14

what does BCR:ABL gene encode for

Answer 14

p210 fusion protein, which is a tyrosine kinase
activates substratses via phosphorylation, initiaing transcription

Question 15

what are the 3 phases of CML

Answer 15

1. chronic
   2, accelerated
2. blast crisis

Question 16

what is a blast crisis

Answer 16

characterised by > 20% immature blasts making up the BM

when CML rapidly transforms into acute leukamia

Question 17

presentatino of CML

Answer 17

• markedly elevated WCC, with granulocytic cells at various stages of maturatino
• thrombocytosis
• anaemia
• extramedullary haemoptopoiesis: splenomegaly

Question 18

what is the presentatio of CLL

Answer 18

• > 3 month persistent lymphocytosis
• cytopenias
• CD5, 19, 20, 23
• smudge cells

Question 19

what is the ELTS score used for

Answer 19

CML

Question 20

translocatino for CML

Answer 20

t(19;22) - philadephia chromosome

Question 21

what is Jak2 associated iwth

Answer 21

Polycythemia vera