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Year 4 Gen Med > Haem Pass Med > Flashcards

Haem Pass Med Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Reed sternberg cells

A

Hodgkins

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2
Q

What is the blood count like in sickle cell anaemia

A

Normocytic anaemia with a raised reticulocyte count

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3
Q

What do people with hereditary spherocytosis get when they have a parvovirus infection

A

Aplastic crisis - severe anaemia and reduced retic count

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4
Q

What is prothrombin complex concentrate used for

A

Emergency reversal of anti coagulation in severe bleeding or head injury with suspected intracranial haemorrhage

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5
Q

When is FFP used

A

PT or APTT > 1.5

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6
Q

What is cryoprecipitate used to replace

A

Fibrinogen

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7
Q

What is the preferred NOAC for patients with renal impairment

A

Apixaban

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8
Q

What are the CRaB features of myeloma

A

Hypercalcaemia
Renal failure
Anaemia
Bone fractures/ lytic lesions

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9
Q

How do you treat an urticarial blood transfusion reaction without anaphylaxis

A

Antihistamine

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10
Q

A raised ESR and osteoporosis represents what until proven otherwise

A

Multiple myeloma

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11
Q

What is the transfusion threshold for patients with anaemia

A

70 without and 80 with ACS

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12
Q

Mirror image nuclei =

A

Reed sternberg cells

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13
Q

Sickle cell patients should get the pneumococcal vaccine every

A

5 years

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14
Q

What drugs cannot be used in a G6PD deficiency

A

Sulpha containing drugs because they can trigger haemolysis

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15
Q

Prolonged APTT

A

Von Williebrand disease

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16
Q

What is the length of warfarin treatment after VTE

A

Provoked 3 months

Unprovoked 6 months

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17
Q

Which type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma has the worst prognosis

A

Lymphocyte deplete

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18
Q

Smear cells

A

CLL

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19
Q

Tear drop cells

A

Myelofibrosis

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20
Q

Starry sky appearance

A

Burkitts lymphoma

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21
Q

What is a common cause of tumour lysis syndrome

A

Burkitts lymphoma

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22
Q

How should tranexamix acid be given in major haemorrhage

A

IV Bol is followed by a slow infusion

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23
Q

Smudge or smear cells

A

CLL

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24
Q

Reed sternberg

A

Hodgkins

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25
Rouleaux formation
Myeloma
26
Auer Ross
AML
27
Pseudo pelger Huet cells
CML
28
What are the B symptoms of Hodgkin’s lymphoma that imply a poor prognosis
Weight loss >10% in last 6 months Fever >38 Night sweats
29
A decrease in haptoglobin levels can be seen in
Intravascular haemolysis
30
What is sequestration crisis in sickle cell ?
Cells cause the spleen to become grossly enlarged causing abdo pain
31
CLL can transform to
High grade lymphoma (known as richters transformation and this usually makes them suddenly unwell
32
Phenytoin causes what type of anaemia
Aplastic anaemia
33
Two main differentials of abdo pain in hereditary spherocytosis
``` Biliary colic (chronic haemolysis and gallstone formation) Splenic rupture ```
34
Macrocytic anaemia with hypersegmented neutrophils on blood film is likely to be a
Megaloblastic anaemia such as B12 or folate deficiency
35
What is stage 1 hodgkins
Single LN region
36
What is stage 2 hodgkins
Two or more regions on the same side of the diaphragm
37
Stage 3 hodgkins
LN on both sides of the diaphragm
38
Stage 4 hodgkins
Involvement of extanodal sites
39
What prevelant condition causes a secondary polycythaemia
COPD and smoking
40
Person with lymphoma being started on chemo with high potassium high phosphate and low calcium
Tumour lysis syndrome
41
Prophylaxis first tumour lysis syndrome
Allopurinol or rasburicase
42
When do you give a platelet transfusion in a pt with a severe bleed
<100x10^9 platelets
43
Unexplained petechia or hepatosplenomegaly in ages 0-24yo
Refer for immediate specialist assessment for leukaemia
44
Renal impairment in myeloma has 4 causes
AL type amyloidosis Hence Jones nephropathy Nephrocalcinosis Nephrolithiasis
45
What is the most common form of lymphoma in the Uk
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
46
How long should the COC be stopped before an operation
4 weeks
47
Howell jolly bodies | Pappenheimer bodies
Hyposplenism
48
What is the mneumonic for transfusion reactions
Got a bad unit ``` Graft vs host disease Overload Thronbocytopaenia Alloimmunisation BP unstable Acute haemolytic reaction Delayed haemolytic reaction Urticaria Neutrophilia Infection Transfusion associated lung injury ```
49
Asymmetrical spreading lymphadenopathy
Hodgkins
50
In a non urgent scenario a unit of RBC is usually transfused over
90-120 mins
51
What type of Hodgkin’s has the best prognosis
Lymphocyte predominant
52
C- much gene translocation seems in
Burkitts lymphoma
53
Schistocytes
G6PD
54
Malaria prophylaxis can trigger haemolytic anaemia in those with
G6PD deficiency
55
If no scan can be done within 4 hours of a DVT do what
Give LMWH
56
Bite cells and blister cells
G6PD deficiency
57
What is the mechanism behind acute haemolytic transfusions reaction
RBC destruction by IgM type antibodies
58
To diagnose tumour lysis syndrome you require either
Increased serum creatinine A cardiac arrhythmia A seizure to have occurred
59
H pylori is associated with a
Gastric lymphoma
60
Starry sky appearance
Burkitts lymphoma
61
Why are irradiated blood products used
They are depleted in T lymphocytes
62
What can be used to treat neutropenia
Filgrastim
63
What do you treat first in B12 or folate deficiency and why
Treat B12 first to avoid precipitating subacute combined degeneration of the cord
64
What is the most common inherited thronbophylia
Protein C resistance (factor 5 Leiden)
65
What is the reversal agent for dabigatranv
Idarucizamab
66
Steroids tend to do what to the blood count
Neutrophilia
67
CLL in elderly tend to do what to blood count
Lymphocytisis

Year 4 Gen Med (26 decks)

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