Hahahhaa

Question 1

What are the RC characteristics under ANISOCYTOSIS

Answer 1

1. MICROCYTE
2. MACROCYTE

Question 2

What is the normal red size under Anisocytosis

Answer 2

6-9 um

Question 3

Normal MCV under Anisocytosis

Answer 3

80-100 fL

Question 4

RDW under Anisocytosis

Answer 4

11-14%

Question 5

This is usually associated with failure of hemoglobin synthesis

Answer 5

Microcyte

Question 6

Diameter: <6 um
MCV: <8 fL

Answer 6

Microcyte

Question 7

Associated diseases under Microcyte

Answer 7

Anemia of Chronic Disease
Thalassemia
Iron deficiency anemia
Sideroblastic anemia

Question 8

Diameter: >8 um
MCV : > 100 fL

Answer 8

Macrocyte

Question 9

MACROCYTE is caused by:

Answer 9

Impaired DNA synthesis
Stress erythropoiesis
Excess surface membrane

Question 10

The presence of MACROCYTE is usually associated with:

Answer 10

Megaloblastic anemia
Liver disease
Pernicious anemia

Question 11

Variation in color

Answer 11

Anisochromia

Question 12

Anisochromia:
Normal MCHC =
Central pallor=
MHC=

Answer 12

MCHC= 32-36g/dL
CENTRAL PALLOR= 1/3
MHC= 26-32 pg

Question 13

MCHC & MHC are decreased
Central pallor > 1/3 of the total cell diameter

Answer 13

Hypochromia

Question 14

Hypochromia is associated with

Answer 14

Iron deficiency
Thalassemia

Question 15

A red cell with increased MCHC and no central pallor

Answer 15

Hyperchromia

Question 16

Hyperchromia is associated with:

Answer 16

Sperocytosis
Macrocytosis

Question 17

Pertains to the blue-gray discoloration of red cell owing to the presence of RNA remnants inside the cell

Answer 17

Polychromasia/ polychromia

Question 18

Polychromia is associated with

Answer 18

Hemolytic anemia
Physiologic need

Question 19

Variation in cell shape

Answer 19

Poikilocytosis

Question 20

Indication of a normal shape:

Answer 20

Biconcave- disk shape

Question 21

1. POIKILOCYTES SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE ABNORMALITIES: AECEOSS

Answer 21

Acanthocytes
Echinocytes
Codocytes/target cells
Elliptocytes
Ovalocytes
Spherocytes
Stomatocytes

Question 22

These are known as mouth cells or hydrocytes
- cells have mouth or slit-like pallor and are bowl-shaped

Answer 22

Stomatocytes

Question 23

Stomatocytes are seen in

Answer 23

Hereditary stomatocytosis
Alcoholism
Cirrhosis
Obstructive liver disease
Rh null individuals

Question 24

These are smaller red cells with concentrated hemoglobin and no visible central pallor

Answer 24

Spherocytes

Question 25

These are due to defective membrane (spectrin deficiency) that cause the lowest surface area to volume ratio

Answer 25

Spherocytes

Question 26

Spherocytes are usually seen in:

Answer 26

Hereditary spherocytosis Isoimmune and autoimmune hemolytic anemia Severe burns Banked blood stored for a long time having storage lesions

Question 27

These are egg-like or oval-shaped cells that are wider than elliptocytes

Answer 27

Ovalocytes

Question 28

This is due to a bipolar arrangement of hemoglobin or reduction of membrane cholesterol

Answer 28

Ovalocytes

Question 29

Ovalocytes are usually associated with

Answer 29

Megaloblastic anemia Myelodysplasia Sickle cell anemia

Question 30

These are rod or cigar shaped cells that are narrower than ovalocytes

Answer 30

Elliptocytes

Question 31

This is due to the defects in the polymerization of hemoglobin that cause defects in the cytoskeleton or decreased membrane protein band 4.1 lead to a condition known as Hereditary Elliptocytosis

Answer 31

Elliptocytes

Question 32

These are also known as target cells or Mexican hat cells

Answer 32

Codocytes

Question 33

Cells show a peripheral rim of hemoglobin surrounded by a clear area and central hemoglobinized area (resembling a bull’s eye appearance)

Answer 33

Codocytes

Question 34

Also known as burr cells, cremated cells or sea urchin cells

Answer 34

Echinocytes

Question 35

Red cells with regular 10-30 scalloped short projections Occur due to the depletion of ATP and exposure to hypertonic salt solution

Answer 35

Echinocytes

Question 36

Echinocytes are associated with:

Answer 36

Uremia Chronic renal disease Cirrhosis Hepatitis

Question 37

These are also known as sour cells or thorn cells

Answer 37

Acanthocytes

Answer 38

Spheroid in shape with 3-12 irregular spikes/spicules caused by abnormal ratios of membrane lecithin and sphingomyelin or increased ratio of cholesterol to lecithin

Question 39

Two variants of Schistocytes/schizocytes

Answer 39

Keratocytes/helmet cells Knizocytes

Question 40

Triangular in shape with two pallor areas

Answer 40

Knizocytes

Question 41

Hornlike projections

Answer 41

Keratocytes

Question 42

Schizocytes are indicative of: DTBM

Answer 42

Disseminated intra vascular coagulation thrombocytopenic purpura Burns Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Question 43

Extreme fragmentation of red cells is caused by the presence of fibrin in the blood vessel walls or prosthetic heart valves

Answer 43

Schistocytes/ schizocytes

Question 44

Known as tear drop n pear shaped cells with elongated point or tail

Answer 44

Dacrocytes

Question 45

Happens during squeezing or fragmentation of the red cells during splenic passage

Answer 45

Dacrocytes

Question 46

Dacrocytes are associated with:

Answer 46

Myeloid metaplasia Hyperplenism

Question 47

Red blood cells with smaller diameter that ruptures at a much lower temperature 45 C than normal red cell fragments at 49 C

Answer 47

Microspherocytes or pyropoikilocytes

Question 48

Microspherocytes or pyropoikilocytes are caused by:

Answer 48

Hereditary pyropoikilocytes Severe burns

Question 49

These are semi-lunar bodies that are large, pale, pink staining ghosts of the red cells

Answer 49

Half-moon/ crescent cells

Question 50

POIKILOCYTES secondary to abnormal hemoglobin content

Answer 50

DEPRANOCYTE

Question 51

Also known as sickle cells or menisocytes

Answer 51

Depranocyte

Question 52

Coarse, round densely stained purple granules approximately 1-2 um in size that are eccentrically located on the periphery of the red cell membrane

Answer 52

Howell-holly bodies

Question 53

They are nuclear remnants that contain DNA

Answer 53

Howell-jolly bodies

Question 54

Howell-jolly bodies are seen in

Answer 54

Megaloblastic anemia Accelerated erythropoiesis Severe hemolytic process Thalassemia

Question 55

Causing punctuate basophilia in the red cell, these are round, dark blue granules thta are uniformly distributed Caused by precipitation of ribosomes and RNAa in the cell and are representing impaired erythropoiesis

Answer 55

Basophilic stippling

Question 56

These are represented as rings, loops, or figures of eight that are red to purple in color They are the remnants of the microtubules or the mitotic spindle

Answer 56

Cabot rings

Question 57

Caused by precipitation of denatured hemoglobin due to oxidative injury Multiple Heinz bodies can give a pitted golf-ball appearance to a cell

Answer 57

Heinz bodies

Question 58

Precipitation of Hb H caused by alpha thalassemia

Answer 58

HB H inclusions

Question 59

Appear as clam shells, darkly staining hexagonal crystals with blunt ends

Answer 59

HB CC crystals

Question 60

Dark hued crystals of condensed Hb that distort the red cell membrane Often straight with parallel sides and one blunt end , while the other is a pointed protruding end

Answer 60

HB SC CRYSTALS

Question 61

Resembles as Washington Monument Shape

Answer 61

HB SC CRYSTALS

Question 62

Also known as siderotic granules Represents the unused iron deposits in the body

Answer 62

Pappenheimer bodies

Question 63

Phenomenon when red cells aggregate into a random clusters or masses due to exposure to various cell antibodies

Answer 63

Autoagglutination

Question 64

When red cells can have a stack of coin arrangement because of the altered zeta potential among them when plasma proteins are increased

Answer 64

Rouleaux formation