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Human Anatomy and Physiology > HAP Joints > Flashcards

HAP Joints Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

synarthrotic

A

immovable

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2
Q

amphiarthrotic

A

slightly movable

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3
Q

diarthrotic

A

free movement

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4
Q

What are the three classifications of joints?

A
  • fibrous
  • cartilaginous
  • synovial
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5
Q

fibrous joints

A

dense connective tissue holding them together containing many collagenous fibers, bones that are in contact

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6
Q

cartilaginous

A

bones connected by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

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7
Q

synovial

A

most joints, allows free movement

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8
Q

types of fibrous joints

A
  • syndesmosis
  • suture
  • gomphosis
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9
Q

types of cartilaginous joints

A
  • synchondrosis

- symphysis

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10
Q

types of synovial joints

A
  • ball and socket
  • condyloid
  • gliding
  • hinge
  • pivot
  • saddle
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11
Q

flexion

A

bending knee

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12
Q

extension

A

straightening the knee

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13
Q

hyperextension

A

bending head back beyond upright position

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14
Q

dorsiflexion

A

walking on heels

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15
Q

plantar flexion

A

walking or standing on toes

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16
Q

abduction

A

lifting upper limb horizontally to form right angle with side of body

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17
Q

adduction

A

returning upper limb from horizontal position to side of body

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18
Q

rotation

A

twisting head from side to side

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19
Q

lateral rotation

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A

movement toward midline

20
Q

medial rotation

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A

movement toward midline

21
Q

circumduction

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A

moving finger in circular motion without moving hand

22
Q

supination

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A

turning hand so palm is upward

23
Q

pronation

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A

turning hand so palm is downward

24
Q

eversion

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A

turning foot so plantar surface faces laterally

25
inversion
turning foot so plantar surface faces medially
26
protraction
moving part forward, thrusting chin forward
27
retraction
pulling chin backward
28
elevation
shrugging the shoulders
29
depression
dropping the shoulders
30
syndesmosis
- tibia and fibula | - smphiarthrotic
31
suture
- synarthrotic | - between bones in skull
32
gomphosis
- peglike root of tooth - tightly bound to body with collagenous fibers - synarthrotic
33
synchondrosis
- bands of hyaline cartilage unite bones - temporary - encochondral bones - manubrium and 1st rib
34
symphysis
- cartilage attached to pad of springy fibrocartilage - pubis and in-between vertebrae - amphiarthrotic
35
ball and socket
bone with globular or slightly egg-shaped head that articulates with cup-shaped cavity; hip and shoulder
36
condyloid
condyle of one bone fits into elliptical cavity of another bone; metacarpals and phalanges
37
gliding
nearly flat or slightly curved - sliding, back and forth and twisting motions - wrist, ankle and vertebrae
38
hinge
convex surface of bone fits into concave surface of another bones - elbow and phalanges - permits movement to one plane
39
pivot
cylindrical surface of one bone rotates within ring formed of bone and ligament - limited to rotation around central axis - between radius and ulna and neck
40
origin
fixed end
41
insertion
movable end
42
saddle
between bones whose articulating surfaces have concave and convex regions, surface of one bone fits complementary to other - movement in two planes - between carpal and metacarpal of thumb
43
joint capsule
has two lyres that hold together bones of synovial joint, dense connective tissue that connects to periosteum around circumference of bone
44
ligaments
reinforce joint capsule and help bind auricular ends
45
synovial membrane
inner layer of joint capsule consisting of shiny, vascular lining of loose connective tissue - can store adipose tissue - secrete synovial fluid - reabsorb fluid in injured or infected joint - moisten and lubricate smooth surfaces of joints - gives nutrients
46
minisci
discs of fibrocartilage that separate joint into two compartments, attaches to fibrous layer and projects into joint cavity - helps distribute body weight - cushion
47
bursae
fluid-filled sac, contains synovial fluid | - cushion and aid in movement of tendons that glide over bony parts

Human Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

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