hard and soft Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is hard engineering?
Hard engineering refers to the use of solid structures to control natural processes.
Which of the following is a type of hard engineering? A) Riverbank reinforcement B) Flood warning systems C) Wetland restoration
A) Riverbank reinforcement
True or False: Hard engineering solutions are typically more environmentally friendly than soft engineering solutions.
False
Name one advantage of using dams as a hard engineering solution.
Dams can provide hydroelectric power and reduce flooding.
What is a common disadvantage of sea walls?
Sea walls can lead to increased erosion in adjacent areas.
Fill in the blank: Hard engineering often involves ________ materials.
man-made
List two examples of hard engineering techniques.
Dams and levees.
True or False: Hard engineering methods are usually more expensive than soft engineering methods.
True
What is the primary purpose of levees?
To prevent flooding by containing water within a river or floodplain.
Which hard engineering method can create a barrier against storm surges?
Sea walls.
What is one environmental impact of using hard engineering solutions?
Disruption of natural habitats.
Multiple choice: Which hard engineering solution is designed to redirect river flow? A) Levee B) Floodgate C) Dredging
B) Floodgate
What is a disadvantage of using hard engineering in coastal areas?
It can lead to habitat loss and increased coastal erosion.
Fill in the blank: Hard engineering solutions often require ________ maintenance and monitoring.
regular
True or False: Hard engineering can sometimes create new recreational areas.
True
What type of hard engineering structure is built to hold back water in rivers?
Dams.
Name one benefit of using gabions in hard engineering.
Gabions can absorb wave energy and reduce erosion.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a hard engineering method? A) Retaining walls B) River channelization C) Afforestation
C) Afforestation
What is the main goal of using hard engineering in flood management?
To provide immediate protection against flooding.
Fill in the blank: Hard engineering often leads to ________ solutions that can be rigid and inflexible.
permanent
True or False: Hard engineering solutions can sometimes be visually unappealing.
True
What is a potential social impact of hard engineering projects?
Displacement of communities.
Name one long-term maintenance issue associated with hard engineering structures.
Corrosion or structural failure.
What is the purpose of using breakwaters in hard engineering?
To protect the shore from wave action.
