HARDY-WEINBERG PRINCIPLE

Question 1

In a given population, frequency or ocurrence of ____________ is fixed and remains same through generations.

Answer 1

alleles of a gene or a locus

Allele = version of gene, eg. - gene - eye color allele - brown, blue

Question 2

The gene pool ( total genes and their alleles in a population) varies greatly

True/false

Answer 2

False

Remain a constant(genetic equilibrium)

Question 3

Sum total of all allelic frequencies =

Answer 3

1

Question 4

In a diploid, 2 alleles are A and a with freq. = p , q , probability of A allele on both chromosomes (AA) =

Answer 4

p^2

Question 5

aa probability

Answer 5

q^2

Question 6

Aa probability

Answer 6

2pq

Question 7

When frequency measured differs from expected values, difference(direction) indicates _____________

Answer 7

extent of evolutionary change

Question 8

________________ results in evolution acc. to Hardy-Weinberg principle

Answer 8

Disturbance in genetic equilibrium

Question 9

5 factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Answer 9

Gene migration or gene flow; genetic drift; mutation; genetic recombination; natural selection

Question 10

Explain gene migration and gene flow

Answer 10

Migration of section of population to another place and population - gene freq. change in original as well as new population - new alleles/genes added to new population and lost from old population. Gene flow - if gene migration multiple times

Question 11

Explain genetic drift

Answer 11

When same change as in gene migration takes place by chance , it is called genetic drift

Question 12

Sometimes , the change in allele frequency is so different in new sample of population that they become a ___________

Answer 12

different species

Question 13

In such a drift in which new species is formed , original drifted population is called ________ and effect is called _________

Answer 13

Founder effect

Question 14

____________ experiments show that pre-existing advantageous mutations when selected will result in ____________

Answer 14

microbial, observation of new phenotypes

Question 15

Over few generations, new phenotypes’ occurence will result in ____________

Answer 15

Speciation

Question 16

Explain Stabilisation

Answer 16

More individuals acquire mean character value

Question 17

Explain Directional change

Answer 17

More individuals acquire value other than the mean character value

Question 18

Explain disruption

Answer 18

More individuals acquire peripheral character value at both ends of distribution curve