HC EXAM 3 Flashcards
John Wycliffe (1329-1384)
- “Morning Star of Reformation”
- Bible translation in vernacular of English
- Criticized papal authority and contested the doctrine of transubstantiation but,
- Lacks any doctrine of justification by faith as found in Reformers
Lollards
(followers of Wycliffe)
in 15th and early 16th centuries
Opposition to established Church
Reject celibacy, indulgences, pilgrimages, Latin scripture and transubstantiation
Popular movement, tendency towards Donatism
Pulled poorer classes into their movement
Ten Articles 1536 by Cranmer
3 Sacraments: Baptism, penance and Eucharist
Eucharist both corporal and substantial, but transubstantiation not mentioned.
Six Articles (1539) endorsed by King Henry
1) Transubstantiation,
2) Communion in one kind,
3) Clerical celibacy,
4) monastic vows
5) private masses,
6) auricular confession.
King Eddie 1547 at nine
Others are ring for him bc he is so young.
Cranmer is one of the key advisors
Reverse the earlier six articles
English is introduced as the language for reading scripture
Book of Common Prayer (1549 - 1st ed. and 1552)
Authoritative guide for priest and people
1st edition clearly showed the real presence in Eucharist
2nd edition eliminates that language
Cranmer publishes a pamphlet arguing such
42 Articles (1553)
Justification (Luther & Calvin), by faith alone
Predestination (Calvin),
Eucharist (Zwingli), no real presence
Mary Tudor (1516-1558)
Daughter of Catherine and not happy with the Protestants for obvious reasons.j
Initially not anti-protestants, but there were a lot of plots against her and that would make one not very happy with them.
Queen from 1553
Repeal of anti-Catholic legislation, revival of heresy laws
300 Dissenters executed. Creation of English Martyrology.
Bloody Mary
A lot of people were happy to have their churches back
Elizabeth I 1533-1603
Daughter of Anne Boylen
To Catholics she was a wicked woman who was establishing protestantism
Refused to reform the church of England like her father
Restored some elements, but refused to sanction larger elements
Act of Supremacy, Act of Uniformity 1559
Elizabeth was recognized as the head of the church.
reinforces her sovereignty over the church
Marian legislation repealed
1559 Book of Common Prayer as compromise between 1549 and 1552
Use of images and crucifixes and masses is permitted.
Language of Eucharist
Conjoins the language of real presence with the reformed mystical symbol language.
It’s deliberately ambiguous.
39 Articles 1563
Elizabeth’s Prayer Book
Trying to set a Doctrinal formulae
Based on 42 of Edward’s time.
Via Media
Not a strict confessional statement but short dogmatic tenets
Often ambiguously worded to be accommodating to multiple views
Uniformity through practice not doctrine
Episcopacy, sacraments, worship based on BCP
1534
King Henry VIII’s Act of Supremacy that declared him “the only Supreme Head on earth of the Church of England.” This severed the Church of England from the papacy and subjugated it to the crown.
1539
Henry VIII’s “Six Articles”
1553
Edward VI’s “42 Articles”
1559
Elizabeth I’s “Book of Common Prayer” with an emphasis on uniformity through practice not doctrine, so that episcopacy, worship, and sacraments were outlined in the BCP.
1562
John Jewell’s “An Apology of the Church of England” refutes the accusations of the Catholic Church and offers a positive statement of Anglican faith. Like Calvin’s reply to Sadoleto, Jewell’s “Apology” states that the charges of schism, heresy, and immorality could be turned on the Catholic Church.
1566
“Second Helvetic Confession” written by Heinrich Bullinger of the Reformed tradition, it combines Calvinist and Zwinglian traditions to emphasize the spiritual presence of Christ whereby the elements are outward signs.
1577
“Formula of Concord” is the Lutherans article that claims the real presence of Christ through the sacramental union; two kinds of eating–Spiritual and Oral/Sacramental; and three modes of Christ–Physical, Spiritual, and Divine.
1606
“True Christianity” written by Arendt is a devotional work of the practice of Christian life, which is an emphasis on orthopraxy.
Piety comes through active Christian living, engaging in Christian love, and the life-long process of repentance.
1624
“De Veritate” written by Edward Lord Herbert of Cherbury in which he presents a case for religion that draws from the common notions that God has implanted in all human beings.
- Belief in a Supreme Being (God)
- The Supreme God Ought to be Worshiped
- Pursuit of a Pious Life
- Repentance
- Rewards and Punishments
1636
“Deceit Disclosed” by Ferreira who had been a Jesuit missioner to Japan. He was tortured to apostasy and married. Ferreira’s argument–that Christianity and the Bible are absurd–is based on reason as opposed to the authority of Scripture. Additionally he uses ancient Greek philosophy and writings and philosophy from Japan to attack Christian beliefs.
1675
“Pia Desideria” is Spener’s proposal for reforming the corruptions in civil authorities, clergy and the common people through efforts such as biblical literacy, active practice of Christian love, avoidance of polemics, and theological praxis in ministerial training (think Con Ed.).
1694
“Simple Instruction How One Should Read Holy Scripture for One’s True Edification” is Francke’s instruction on reading the Bible.
Scripture must be read with Divine Simplicity based on Luther’s triad–Oratio, Meditatio, Tentatio.
This approach differs from Spener’s 3 steps because Francke presents 3 overlapping, interrelated parts–Prayer, Meditation, Anfechtung.
