HD 201 E1 Samplex 2014 Flashcards by UPCM 2018

What is the difference between male and female gametogenesis?

a. Sequence of events
b. Timing of events
c. Absence of mitosis or meiosis
d. All of the above

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What results to the formation of a second polar body?

A. ovulation
B. Fertilization
C. Menstruation
D. Menopause

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When does spermatogenesis begin?

a. before birth
b. At birth
c. Puberty
d. at any stage

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Which of the following events occur after fertilization?

A. Continuation of activity of the corpus luteum
B. Formation of corpus albicans
C. ischemia of secretory endothelium
D. Estrogen and progesterone levels decrease

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Which of the following appears first in secondary folliculi?

A. Basal lamina
B. Crescent shaped fluid filled cavity
C. Zona pellucida
D. Theca folliculi

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Estradiol is released by:

a. oocyte
b. theca folliculi
c. placental cells
d. granulosa folliculi

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Most of the ovarian follicle turns into

a. corpus albicans
b. atretic follicles
c. secondary follicles
d. corpus luteum

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Menstruation occurs because of:

A. Increasing levels of FSH and LH
B. Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone are low
C. Corpus luteum continues to produce progesterone
D. non responsiveness of spiral arteries to hormonal change

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Simple columnar in reproductive tract:

a. portio vaginalis
b. endocervix
c. ectocervix
d. vaginal fornix

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Increased size of mammary glands during pregnancy is a result of

a. development of alveoli in terminal ducts
b. accumulation of adipose tissue
c. increasing amounts of connective tissue
d. milk secretion secreted in alveoli and ducts

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Male mammary glands are similar to what stage in the female mammary gland development?

a. puberty
b. reproductive
c. lactation
d. menopause

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The hypoblast forms the roof of the

a. amniotic cavity
b. yolk sac
c. chorionic cavity
d. blastocystic cavity

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spaces within the extraembryonic mesoderm

a. amniotic sac
b. yolk sac
c. chorionic cavity
d. blastocystic cavity

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Primary role of deciduas

a. produces progesterone
b. provides immunological protection for conceptus
c. produces HCG
d. provides nutrition for the embryo

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The embryoblast is between the yolk sac and the

a. chorionic cavity
b. amniotic cavity
c. extraembryonic cavity
d. blastocystic cavity

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First sign of gastrulation

a. appearance of primitive streak
b. formation of notochord
c. development of 3 germ layers
d. development of neural tube

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At what embryonic stage can you first appreciate the presence of the notochord?

a. blastula
b. gastrula
c. neurula
d. fetus

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Sequelae of longitudinal folding of the embryo

a. part of the yolk sac forms primitive gut
b. formation of ventral body wall
c. change in position of the flat U-shapes intraembryonic coelom
d. formation of CVS

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What week of the embryonic life do pharyngeal arches appear?

a. 4th wk
b. 5th wk
c. 6th wk
d. 7th wk

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Failure of the progression of lateral body folding will result to the following anomalies except

a. gastroschisis
b. omphalocoele
c. cleft sternum
d. bladder exstrophy

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Embryonic structure that persists as the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc

a. primitive streak
b. notochord
c. somite
d. . pharyngeal arch

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Hatching involves the liberation of the oocyte from the

a. corona radiata
b. zona pellucida
c. macula pellucida
d. macula densa

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Villi that extends from the decidua basalis to chorion:

a) Anchoring villi
b) Terminal villi
c) Stem villi
d) Branch villi

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Villi adjacent to the decidua basalis contributing to the formation of placenta:

a) Chorion frondosum
b) Chorion laeve
c) Decidual plate
d) Chorionic villi

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Which of the following disappears as the placenta becomes older? a) Endothelium of fetal capillaries b) Connective tissue of villi c) Syncytiotrophoblast d) Cytotrophoblast

Exchange of materials between mother and fetus by? a) Communicating lymphatic channels between mother and fetus b) Diffusion from maternal blood sinus to fetal blood across syncytial and endothelial membrane c) Opening between amnion and chorion d) Anastomoses between maternal and fetal blood vessel

What type of villi is devoid of blood vessels and connecting tissue? a) Primary villi b) Secondary villi c) Tertiary villi d) Anchoring villi

The following is/are true of the function of the placenta: a) Synthesizes steroid and protein hormones but not phospholipid-derived mediators which orchestrate maternal adaptations to pregnancy and regulates fetal and placental function and maturation b) Serves as a communication interface between maternal and fetal compartments and responds to changes in chemical, endocrine, and immune signals derived from both compartments c) Serves as a barrier by preventing the passage of waste and metabolic end-products towards the fetal side d) AOTA

Maternal hormones differ from non-pregnant state which are dependent except: a) Presence of normal placenta b) Presence of fetus c) Increased estrogen d) NOTA

Human chorionic gonadotropin: a) Presence of sialic acid at its terminal end prevents it from catabolic degradation b) Its alpha-subunit is structurally related to TSH, FSH and LH c) NOTA d) AOTA

Will result to a false positive pregnancy except: a) Choriocarcinoma b) Hydatidiform c) Trophoblastic d) NOTA

Peak estrogen is due to: a) Maternal plasma DHEAS b) Fetal adrenal DHEAS c) Maternal cholesterol d) Ovarian androstenedione e) Placental progesterone

A 25 y.o. pregnant woman with amenorrhea of 6 weeks is diagnosed with an ovarian cyst of 8 cm. When is the best time to surgically remove the cyst? A. immediately B. 8-10 weeks AOG C. after 24 weeks AOG D. any of the above

A patient with missed abortion at 20 weeks AOG is expected to have hCG serum level that is A. Higher B. Lower C. Some as normal D. NOTA

Puberty of the female: A. Menarche at latter half B. Breast development after menarche C. Growth spurt after menarche D. Female sexual hair development due to testosterone

Hormonal profile of postmenopausal women A. Increase estradiol, increase FSH, increase LH B. Decrease estradiol, increase FSH, increase LH C. Normal estradiol, decrease FSH, decrease LH D. Normal estrogen, decrease FSH, increase LH

Changes in luteal phase A. Increase glycogen deposition in endometrium B. Increase in basal body temperature C. Increase progesterone level D. AOTA

Which hormone rises due to ovulation? A. LH B. Progesterone C. Estrogen D. AOTA

Effects of estrogen increase A. increase LDL, decrease HDL B. increase bone mass at puberty C. Development of female internal and external genitalia in utero D. AOTA

Contraction of these structures moves newly formed spermatozoa from seminiferous tubules to the epididymis A. Seminiferous tubule B. Rete testis C. Myoid cells D. Leydig cells

Which of the following emphasizes the need for a blood-testis barrier? A. Spermatocytes are halted at prophase of meiosis I B. Spermatids still immobile C. Sertoli cells have lateral process D. Spermatocytes may have cell surface antigens that are radically different from spermatogonia

Which of the following is the reason for the unpredictability of the time it takes for the spermatogonia to develop into spermatocytes? A. Prolonged prophase I B. Short meiosis II C. Golgi phase of spermatogenesis D. Mitosis of spermatogonia

Which feature helps you to differentiate spermatogonia from the rest of the seminiferous cells? A. Dome-shaped cells B. Nearer in lumen C. Condensed chromatins D. Notched, irregular nucleus

Which of the following is lined by small Sertoli cells? A. Vas deferens B. Tubuli recti C. Prostate D. Seminal vesicle

The storage site of sperm: A. Seminiferous tubule B. Epididymis C. Ductus efferentes D. Prostate

The 3rd fraction of the seminal fluid contains which of the following: A. Citric acid B. Fructose C. Sperm D. All of the above

What is the function of the vas deferens that makes it important for fertility? A. It promotes capacitation of the sperm. B. It lubricates the pathway of the sperm. C. It contributes a fraction of the seminal fluid for nutrition of sperm D. It increases the amount of sperm in the seminal fluid.

What is the predominant estrogen receptor in males? A. ER-alpha B. ER-β C. Estrogen Tyrosine Kinase D. SRC

Aside from Leydig cells,which of the following cells most likely contribute to the increased levels of estrogen from the rete testis and caput of the epididymis? A. Sertoli cells B. Rete testis columnar epithelial cells C. Epididymal pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells D. Spermatids

Determinants for a good neonatal outcome: A. Optimal intrauterine environment B. Uneventful transition from an intrauterine to an extrauterine environment C. Optimal postpartum course D. All of the above

Important substrates for fetal growth and development: A. Oxygen B. Protein C. Both of the above D. None of the above

True of oxygen margin of safety A. Results to decreased fractional oxygen extraction B. Results in metabolic acidosis C. Neither of the above D. Both of the above

True of fetal compensation on metabolic processes: A. Increased glucose uptake, decreased glycogen metabolism B. Decreased lactate uptake, increased lactate production C. Both of the above D. None of the above

True of intrauterine growth restriction in the presence of fetal compromise: A. Decreased protein synthesis causes decreased oxygen consumption by 20% B. Decreased growth rate causes decreased oxygen consumption and decreased energy efficiency by 20% C. Metabolic abnormalities D. None of the above

True of behavioral state adaptation during fetal compromise: A. Increased REM sleep causes decreased cerebral oxygen delivery B. Increased REM sleep causes decreased fetal movements C. Neither of the above D. Both of the above

True of fetal movements in utero A. Decreased movement causes a 20% decrease in oxygen consumption B. Less than 30 movements per hour is an ominous sign C. Fetal movement peaks when maternal glucose level is high. D. None of the above

True of fetal respiration A. Respiratory movements is unrelated to sleep state B. Respiratory movements in utero increased venous oxygen saturation C. Apnea decreases oxygen consumption D. Decreased fetal respiration results in 20% decrease in oxygen consumption

Blood flow redistribution of the fetal circulation in hypoxia leads to: A. Decreased blood flow to the ductus venosus B. Decreased blood flow to the foramen ovale C. Increased blood flow to the ductus arteriosus D. None of the above

True of biophysical profile: A. Includes amniotic fluid volume as component B. A score of 7-10 is normal C. It is analogous to the Ballard Score D. All of the above

True of the Barker's hypothesis: a. lower birth weight leads to higher susceptibility to obesity, hypertension and diabetes. b. Interventions to decrease susceptibility to obesity, hypertension and diabetes. c. Neither d. both

Properly timed cord clamping can prevent the following: a. anemia in term infants only b. anemia in preterm infants only c. postpartum hemorrhage of the mother d. ventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants only

Component of essential newborn care a. thorough drying b. early cord clamping c. bathing within 6 hours d. none of the above

Capacitation a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2 c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome e. prevents polyspermy

Chemotaxis a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2 c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome e. prevents polyspermy

Sperm penetration a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2 c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome e. prevents polyspermy

Cooperation a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2 c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome e. prevents polyspermy

Zona reaction a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2 c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome e. prevents polyspermy

Quickening felt by most pregnant women at this stage:

17-20weeks

Face becomes more human-like a. 12 weeks b. 17-20 weeks c. 20 weeks d. 25-28 weeks e. 37-40 weeks

Fertilization results in the following except: a. determination of chrosomal sex of embryo b. restoration of diploid number of chromosomes c. metabolic activation of egg d. variation of species

Fertilization occurs at the ampulla in this procedure: a. IVF-ET b. ICSI c. GIFT d. vitrification

The hatching blastocyst loses this structure so it can begin to implant. A. its cavity B. outer cell mass C. zona pellucida D. inner cell mass

Implantation is completed when the blastocyst has invaded the following except? a. endometrium b. inner third of the myometrium c. uterine vasculature d. outer third of myometrium

A blastocyst is still safe from teratogenic substances from the mother until a. Day 4 b. Day 5 c. Day 6 d. Day 7

Growth factor hormone of prenatal baby. a. IGF-1 b. IGF-2 c. Growth hormone d. steroids

What is the size of the head at birth?

¼ CHL

The most potentially preventable cause of IUGR? a. illicit drug use b. poor maternal nutrition c. cigarette smoking d. NOTA

HD 201 E1 Samplex 2014 Flashcards

(77 cards)