Head and Neck Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
Buccinator
A
VII
2
Q
A. Digastric
A
V3
3
Q
Stapedius
A
VII
4
Q
P. Digastric
A
VII
5
Q
Infrahyoid Muscles
A
Ansa Cervicalis from XII (C1,2,3)
6
Q
Palatoglossus
A
X
7
Q
Pharyngeal Constrictors
A
X
8
Q
Styloglossus
A
XII
9
Q
Mylohyoid
A
V3
10
Q
Temporalis
A
V3
11
Q
Levator Veli Palatini
A
X
12
Q
Genioglossus
A
XII
13
Q
Masseter
A
V3
14
Q
Tensor Tympani
A
V3
15
Q
Cricothyroid
A
S. Laryngeal
16
Q
SCM
A
XI
17
Q
Trapezius
A
XI
18
Q
Palatopharyngeus
A
X
19
Q
S. Oblique EOM
A
IV
20
Q
Medial Pterygoid
A
V3
21
Q
Lateral Pterygoid
A
V3
22
Q
Intrinsic Laryngeal ms
A
I. laryngeal from recurrent laryngeal
23
Q
Stylohyoid
A
VII
24
Q
Stylopharyngeus
A
IX
25
Tensor Veli Palatini
V3
26
Hyoglossus
XII
27
Geniohyoid
C1 via XII
28
Supraorbital foramen
supraorbital N. from V1
29
Infraorbital foramen
Infraorbital N from V2
30
Mental foramen
Mental N. from V3
31
Incisive foramen
Nasopalatine N.
32
Stylomastoid foramen
VII
33
S. Orbital fissure
III, IV, V1, VI
34
I. Orbital Fissure
V2 -> infraorbital and zygomatic
35
Rotundum foramen
V2-Maxillary
36
Ovale foramen
V3-Mandibular and Accessory Meningeal a.
37
spinosum foramen
Meningeal N. and Middle meningeal a.
38
Lacerum
ICA
39
Foramen Magnum
Vertebral aa and Medulla
40
Jugular foramen
IX, X, XI
Internal Jugular
P. Meningeal a.
41
Internal Acoustic Meatus
VII, VIII
42
Hypoglossal canal
XII
43
CN VI Function
abducts eye
44
VII Function
Motor: facial, stapedius, stylohyoid, P. Digastric
Parasympathetics: Lacrimal, Submandibular, and sublingual glands; taste to A 2/3 of tongue
45
XI Function
motor: SCM & Trapezius
46
XII Function
Intrinsic and Extrinsic tongue muscles (exception = palatoglossus)
47
V3 Function
Sensory: beard, A 2/3 tongue
Motor: mastication ms
Parasymp: all salivary glands
48
V2 Function
Sensory to midface
| Parasymp to lacrimal
49
IV Function
points eye down and out (S. oblique EOM)
50
III Function
Motor: EOM
Parasymp: sphincter pupillai and ciliary ms
51
V1
Sensory: forehead
Parasymp: lacrimal gland
52
X
Motor: pharyngeal ms, soft palate ms, laryngeal ms & ms for gag reflex
Sensory: P dura, skin of ear, external auditory canal, epiglottis taste, pharynx, larynx
53
IX
Motor: stylophayngeus
Sensory: P 1/3 of tongue, middle ear, auditory tube, gag reflex
Parasymp: parotid
54
Craniosynostosis
premature closure of cranial sutures
55
Scaphocephaly
premature fusion of the sagittal suture
56
Brachycephaly
premature fusion of the coronal suture
57
Plagiocephaly
premature fusion of 1 side of either the coronal suture of the lambdoidal sutures or both
58
Trigonocephaly
premature fusion of the metopic suture
59
Microcephaly`
premature closure of all sutures and fontanelles
60
Hydrocephaly
overproduction of CSF -> inc intracranial pressure
61
Bones of the orbit
```
Frontal
Maxilla
Zygomatic
Sphenoid
Lacrimal
Palatine
Ethmoid
```
62
Extradural/epidural hemorrhage
rupture of middle meningeal a -> blood accumulates outside of perosteal dura layer between dura and calvaria
63
Dura border hematoma/subdural hematoma
Venous bleeding from S. cerebral v. -> blood accumulates deep to dura
64
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
rupture of saccular aneurysm -> arterial blood accumulates in subarachnoid space
65
Cerebrum development
Neural Tube -> prosencephalon -> telencephalon
66
Diencephalon development
Neural Tube -> Prosencephalon -> diencephalon
67
Cerebellum development
Neural Tube -> Rhombencephalon -> Metencephalon -> cerebellum
68
Pons development
Neural Tube -> Rhombencephalon -> Metencephalon ->Pons
69
Midbrain development
Neural Tube -> Mesencephalon -> midbrain
70
Medulla Oblongata development
Neural Tube -> rhombencephalon -> myelencephalon -> medulla oblongata
71
Components of Brain Stem
Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Midbrain
72
Components of Diencephalon
Thalamus
Epithalamus
Hypothalamus
Mammillary bodies
73
Components of Limbic system
```
Cingulate gyrus
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Mammillary bodies
Parahippocampal Gyrus
Olfactory Bulbs
```
74
Superior Colliculus fx
visual spatial coordination
75
Inferior Colliculus fx
Auditory spatial coordination
76
Substantia Nigra fx & contents
link midbrain and cerebral basal ganglia
Gray dopaminergic neurons
high in neuromelanin
77
Thalamus fx
signal processing
-High in sensory afferent relays
-signal modulation +/-
Routing
78
Epithalamus fx
Directs pinal gland to release melatonin -initiates sleep
79
Hypothalamus fx
endocrine
80
Mammillary bodies fx
smell -> memory
81
Basal Ganglion fx
mediate communication between cerebral cortical regions and thalamus relates via the internal capsule
-> Controls rhythm, timing, and movement
(degeneration results in diskinesia)
82
Cingulate gyrus fx
gestural expression of emotion
83
Parahippocampal Gyrus fx
integration of emotion and memory
84
Hypothalamus fx
endocrine
85
Amygdala fx
evaluates fear and pleasure
initiates an autonomic response
Sends to hippocampus for storage
86
Hippocampus fx
encodes and retrieves long term memory
| works with parahippocampal gyrus
87
Fornix
White matter tract connecting limbic system nuclei
88
Tensor Tympani
V3
89
Stapedius
VII
90
Salpingopharyngeus
X
91
Superior Tarsal ms fx & innervation
Sympathetics -> keeps eyelid open
92
Sphincter pupillae fx and innervation
closes iris
| Parasympathetics in CN III to short ciliary
93
Dilator pupillae fx and innervation
opens iris
| Sympathetics from superior cervical ganglion to short and long ciliary nerves
94
Ciliary ms innervation and fx
CN III parasympathetics
| Contraction -> accommodation (for close objects)
95
Oral tongue innervation
General sensory: V3 -> lingual
| Taste: VII -> Chorda Tympani -> lingual
96
Pharyngeal Tongue innervation
General and Taste Sensory -> IX
97
Epiglottis sensory innervation
Vagus
98
Submandibular gland innervation pathway
VII/chorda tympani presynaptic parasympathetics -> submandibular ganglion -> V3 lingual -> submandibular glands
99
Nasopharynx Sensory innervation
V2
100
Oropharynx sensory innervation
IX
101
Laryngopharynx sensory innervation
X
