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Anatomy > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

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1
Q

Germ origin of Urogenital Ridge

A

Mesoderm

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2
Q

Urogenital Ridge produces..

A

suprarenal cortex, nephrogenic cord and gonadal ridge

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3
Q

Mesonephric duct originates from

A

pronephric duct

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4
Q

Mesonephric duct becomes what in Males

A

ducutus deferens and ejaculatory duct

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5
Q

Ureteric bud becomes

A

ureters in both sexes

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6
Q

metanephros becomes

A

primordial kidney

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7
Q

metanephric mass becomes

A

nephrons

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8
Q

Paramesonephric ducts becomes what in M & F

A

M: disappear
F: uterus, uterine tubes & vagina

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9
Q

Muscles of Pelvic diaphragm & innervation

A

Levator ani: puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus
Coccygeus
Pudendal N.

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10
Q

What innervation prevents semen from entering the bladder

A

T11-L2 Lumbar & sacral Splanchnics -sympathetic -> internal urethral sphincter

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11
Q

Round ligament connections

A

uterus to labia majora

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12
Q

Suspensory Ligament contents

A

carries vessels (mesentery)

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13
Q

Function of seminal vesicles

A

produce %60 of semen volume

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14
Q

Function of bulbourethral gland

A

secretes mucous lubricant during arousal

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15
Q

Superior to pectinate line: Germ, A, V, N

A

Endoderm,
S & M rectal aa,
S rectal v
Autonomic -> sacral & lumbar sympathetics -> internal sphincter

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16
Q

Inferior to pectinate line: germ, A, V, N

A

Ectoderm
I. Rectal a
I. Rectal v
Somatic -> rectal n. -> ext sphincter

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17
Q

Layers of UG Triangle

A 
Superficial fascia -Fatty layer
Superficial fascia - Membranous layer
Deep Fascia
Superficial pouch
Perineal membrane
Deep Pouch
Superior Fascia
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18
Q

Layers around penis

A

Tuna Albuginea
Buck’s
Superficial penile

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19
Q

Bulbospongiosus muscle function M & F

A

M: empties urethra of residual semen/urine & helps maintain erection
F: compresses vein to clitoris and constricts vagina

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20
Q

Function of Ischiocavernosus m

A

compresses the crura -> acheiving and maintaining erection

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21
Q

Origin, Type, and targets of Pudendal N.

A

S2-S4
Somatic
Pelvic floor muscles, External sphincters, skin and muscle of perineum, external genitalia

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22
Q

Origin, Type, and targets of Lumbar & Sacral splanchnics

A

T11-L2
Sympathetic
Internal Sphincters

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23
Q

Origin, Type, and targets of Pelvic splanchnics

A

S2-S4
Parasympathetic
Smooth muscle of organ walls

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24
Q

MIS deficiency phenotypes:

A

Male ext. genitalia

presences of uterus and uterine tubes

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25
Testosterone Deficiency phenotypes
Ambiguous ext. genitalia
26
Androgen R defect phenotypes
Female external genitalia XY Testes no male mesonephric ducts
27
5 alpha reductase deficiency phenotypes
Female genitalia at birth | Male genitalia develop at puberty
28
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia phenotypes
``` (XX) Masculinized ext. genitalia Ovaries Clitorial hypertrophy labial fusion Persistant urogenital sinus ```
29
Origin of Urinary & reproductive systems
Intermediate mesoderm
30
Mesonephros: what is it? what is it composed of?
temporary but active kidney composed of glomeruli & mesonephric tubules has mesonephric & paramesonephric ducts
31
Topographic changes of metanephric kidney
originally close to pelvis then 'ascend' & rotate 90 degrees medially
32
Urogenital Sinus becomes what in Females
urinary bladder & urethra
33
Urogenital sinus becomes what in Males
urinary bladder and prostatic & membranous urethra
34
Stages of Testes development
1. genes induce development 2. Cortex degenerates 3. Tunica albuginea grows and separates gonadal cords from surface epithelium 4. Medulla develops into testes 5. Connection develops to mesonephric system
35
Sinovaginal bubls become
vagina
36
Hymen membrane is formed by
UG sinus posterior wall invagination
37
Prostate develops from
endodermal outgrowth of urethra
38
Genital tubercle becomes:
Penis | Clitoris
39
Urogenital folds become:
Urethra & part of penis | Labia Minora
40
Labioscrotal swellings become
scrotal sac | labia majora
41
Hypospadias
abnormal opening of urethra on ventral surface of penis
42
Episoadia
abnormal opening of urethra on dorsal surface of penis
43
Female ureters pass...
medial to uterine arteries' origins
44
Male ureters pass...
lateral to ductus deferens & peritoneum
45
Ureters can refer pain to -> | kidney stones
low abdomen to penis/clitoris
46
Prostatic utricle is a remnant of..
uterovaginal anal in seminal colliculus
47
Vagina innervation
Lower fourth = somatic: deep perineal branch of pudendal n. | Upper 3/4s = autonomic
48
kidneys, ureters, rectum, anal canal, prostate, seminal vesicles & vas deferens are what type of peritoneal reflection
primary retroperitoneal (PRP)
49
Uterus, ovaries & uterine tubes are what type of peritoneal reflection
intraperitoneal (IP)
50
Space that accommodates bladder dissension
Retropubic space (M&F)
51
Space that accommodates rectal expansion
Retrorectal space (M&F)
52
lowest abdominal space for fluid build up in males
Rectovesicle pouch
53
Lowest abdominal spaces for fluid build up in females
Vesicouterine pouch | Rectouterine pouch
54
Which space can be easily accessed via the posterior fornix to drain fluid or is easily ruptured?
rectouterine pouch
55
Gonadal arteries come from..
abdominal aorta
56
Branches of lumbar plexus
``` Lumbosacral trunk (L4-L5) Obturator (L2-L4) ```
57
Branches of Sacral Plexus and their targets
Sciatic -> LL Pudendal -> perineum Superior gluteal -> gluteus medius, minimus, & tensor fascia latae Inferior Gluteal -> gluteus maximus
58
Pudendal canal - Location - Contents
Lateral wall-obturator internus Pudendal nerve Internal pudendal artery Internal pudendal vein
59
Suspensory ligament of penis/clitoris formed from...
Deep fascia
60
Space in the UG triangle that is easily ruptured
Deep perineal pouch
61
Contents of Male Superficial Perineal Pouch
Proximal spongy urethra Root of penis (bulb & crura) Bulbospongiosus muscles Ischiocavernosus muscles
62
Contents of Male Deep Perineal Pouch
``` Intermediate Urethra Sphincter Urethrae Bulbourethral glands Deep transverse perineal muscle Dorsal n. of penis ```
63
Contents of Female Superficial Perineal Pouch
``` Root of clitoris (bulb & crura) Bublospongiosus muscles Ischiocavernosus muscles Greater & Lesser Vestibular Glands Superficial transverse perineal muscles Perineal body Perineal branches of pudendal n. ```
64
Contents of Female Deep Perineal Pouch
``` Part of urethra Part of vagina Sphincter urethrae Deep transverse perineal muscles INternal pudendal vessel and artery branches Dorsal nerves of clitoris ```
65
Epistotomy
Cutting perineal body to ease child birth
66
Uterine Prolapse
Uterus descends through vagina due to loss of perineal body integrity; not generally painful until lower 1/4 of vagina
67
Innervation type to pelvic floor muscles & external sphincters
Somatic S2-S4
68
Innervation to internal sphincters
Sympathetic
69
Innervation to smooth muscle in organ walls
Parasympathetic
70
Innervation for Erection
Parasympathetic - Pelvic Splanchnics S2-S4
71
Innervation for Emission
Sympathetic L1-L2
72
Innervation for Ejaculation
Somatic -Pudendal S2-S4
73
LL lymph and external genitalia lymph drain into...
inguinal nodes
74
Lymph from pelvis and inguinal nodes drain into...
external & internal iliac nodes
75
external & internal iliac nodes drain into
common iliac nodes
76
common iliac nodes drain into
lumbar nodes

Anatomy (7 decks)

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