Head and Neck

Question 1

Facial group lymoh nodes include (5)

Answer 1

1. Infraorbital
2. node
3. Buccinator
4. Molar
5. Mandibular

Question 2

Causes of head and neck cancers (4)

Answer 2

1. HPV (Himan papillomavirus) (oropharyngeal)
2. Epstein-Barr virus infection (nasopgaryngeal)
3. Preserved or salted foods (nasopgaryngeal)
4. oral health

Question 3

Inhalation of ___ lead to H&N cancer (4)

Answer 3

1. Abestos
2. Wood dust
3. Paint fumes
4. Other chemicals

Question 4

Radiation to the H&N can also cause cancer of the ___ ___

Answer 4

Salivary Glands

Question 5

Which ancerstory is at most risk of H&N cancer

Answer 5

Asian ancestory

Question 6

Diets low in vitamin _ and _ can raise H&N cancer risk

Answer 6

A and E

Question 7

___ into upper airway
may lead to increased H&N cancer risk

Answer 7

Reflux (GERD)

Question 8

Prolonged ___ exposure
causes increased H&N cancer risk, especially
to the lip area.

Answer 8

Sun

Question 9

___% of lip cancers
have outdoor ocupations

Answer 9

31

Question 10

Oral cavity H&N cancer symptoms (2)

Answer 10

Swelling or ulcer that fails to heal

Question 11

Oropharynx H&N cancer symptoms (2)

Answer 11

1. Painful swallowing
2. Reffered Otalgia (ear pain)

Question 12

Nasopharynx H&N cancer symptoms (2)

Answer 12

1. Bloody discharge
2. Difficulty hearing

Question 13

Larynx H&N cancer symptoms (2)

Answer 13

1. Hoarseness
2. Stridor

Question 14

Hypopharynx H&N cancer symptoms (2)

Answer 14

1. Dysphagia
2. Painful neck node

Question 15

Nose/Sinus H&N cancer symptoms (5)

Answer 15

1. Obstruction
2. Discharge
3. Facial pain
4. Diplopia
5. Local swelling

Question 16

Submandibular Lymph Nodes (3)

Answer 16

1. Preglandular
2. Prevascular
3. Retrovascular

Question 17

__% of H&N cancers arise from surface ___
of the ___ ___ of digestive tract—squamous
cell carcinomas

Answer 17

80%
epithelium
mucosal lining

Question 18

Tumor grading is classified as:
○ G1: ___
○ G2: ___
○ G3: ___

Answer 18

well-differentiated
moderately well differentiated
poorly differentiated

Question 19

Well differentiated have lower___ ___and
behave ___ ___.

Answer 19

proliferation rates
less aggressively

Question 20

H&N cancer staging is largely dependent on (2)

Answer 20

Site and HPV status

Question 21

cTNM staging is based on

Answer 21

imaging and clinical information

Question 22

pTNM staging is based on

Answer 22

pathology (Does not replace clinical staging, only adds to it)

Question 23

H&N treatment depends on (2)

Answer 23

Tumor Location
Stage

Question 24

Stage I and II H&N cancercan often can be cured with

Answer 24

single-modality treatment (surgery only)

Question 25

Side effects of rad therpay on H&N cancer are cumulative in appearance, usually beginning at ___ weeks.

Answer 25

2-3

Question 26

Mucositis is the

Answer 26

Inflammation and potential ulceration of the mucous membranes

Question 27

___, ___, ___ may be used to discuss mucositis found in specific structures.

Answer 27

stomatitis pharyngitis esophagitis

Question 28

Treatment of Mucositis (3)

Answer 28

Baking soda and saltwater rinse at least 4 times a day Maintain hydration diet high in calories and protein

Question 29

Dysphagia is

Answer 29

Difficult or painful swallowing

Question 30

Treatment of Dysphagia include

Answer 30

Modified barium swallow

Question 31

Xerostomia def

Answer 31

is individual’s subjective feeling of dry mouth and salivary gland hypofunction

Question 32

Xerostomia Can appear after one week or approximately ___-__ cGy of radiation to the___ ___

Answer 32

1000-2000 cGy oral cavity

Question 33

Every patient receiving 35 Gy to a major saliva gland will experience ___

Answer 33

xerostomia

Question 34

The use of ___ treatment can protect the parotid glands, can reduce the severity of ___

Answer 34

IMRT xerostomia

Question 35

Doses less than ___-___ Gy Gy significantly preserve salivary gland function

Answer 35

26-30

Question 36

Taste Changes can occur ___ - ___ days after the onset of radiation with doses as small as ___ cGy.

Answer 36

two to three 1000

Question 37

Taste change most pronounced ___-___ months after radiation, ___ and ___ qualities were most impaired

Answer 37

2-3 months bitter salty

Question 38

Gradual recovery of taste change ccurred during the ___ year of treatment. Partial taste loss persisted ___ to ___ years after treatment.

Answer 38

first One Two