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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 3 > Head: Cranial Vault > Flashcards

Head: Cranial Vault Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

What is a bregma

A

junction of coronal and sagittal sutures

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2
Q

Where is the coronal suture located

A

frontal and parietal bones

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3
Q

Where is the sagittal suture located

A

between right and left parietal bones

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4
Q

What is the falx cerebri

A

fold of dura mater in the longitudinal fissure between the two cerebral hemispheres

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5
Q

Where does the falx cerebri attach

A

Anterior: frontal crest and crista galli

Posterior: continuous with tenotrium cerebelli

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6
Q

What is the superior sagittal sinus

A

large vein in longitudinal fissure between dura mater

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7
Q

What does the superior sagittal sinus carry

A

csf and blood

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8
Q

What is the function of foveolae granulares

A

CSF reabsorption

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9
Q

What is the sella turcica

A

saddle like surface feature within the body of the sphenoid bone

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10
Q

What is the pit of the sella turcica colled

A

hypophyseal fossa

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11
Q

What is housed in the hypophyseal fossa

A

pituitary gland

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12
Q

What are the parts of the sella turcica

A

tuberculum sellae
hypophyseal fossa
dorsal sellae

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13
Q

What forms the body of the sphenoid bone

A

sella turcica

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14
Q

Where is the sphenoid sinus located

A

under the hypophyseal fossa

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15
Q

What does the petrous portion of the temporal bone differentiate

A

posterior and middle cranial fossa

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16
Q

What is the function of the sphenoid sinus

A

keeps the nasal passages from drying out

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17
Q

What is the sphenoid sinus lined with

A

mucus secreting cells

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18
Q

What bones compose the anterior cranial fossa

A

frontal bone
sphenoid bones (lesser wings and body)
ethmoid

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19
Q

What are the components of the ethmoid bone

A

christa galli and cribiform plate

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20
Q

What is the foramen cecum

A

region between ethmoid and frontal bones that connects with the prenasal space

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21
Q

Where does the cribiform plate condense

A

foramen cecum

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22
Q

What structures may be contained within the foramen cecum

A

emissary veins

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23
Q

What is the crista galli

A

median blade in the cribiform plate, attachment point for the dura mater

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24
Q

What is contained within the optic canals

A

optic nerve

opthalmic artery

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25
What bones form the middle cranial fossa
sphenoid wings | temporal
26
Where is the chiasmatic sulcus
between optic canals for optic chiasm
27
What is the optic chiasm
x-shaped structure formed at the point below the brain where the two optic nerves cross each other
28
What structures will travel through the superior orbital fissure
CN III CN IV CN VI opthalmic nerve and vein
29
What structure will travel through the foramen rotundum
CN V2 (maxillary nerve)
30
What structures will travel through the foramen ovale
Accessory middle meningeal artery | Mandibular nerve
31
What structure will travel through the foramen spinosum
middle meningeal artery
32
What bone is the trigeminal impression seen on
temporal bone
33
What bone will have grooves and hiatus for greater and lesser petrosal nerves
temporal bone
34
Where do lesser and greater petrosal nerves originate from
Greater: CN 7 Lesser: CN 9
35
Where is the tegmen tympani found
temporal bone
36
What does the tegmen tympani form
roof of middle ear
37
What bones form the posterior cranial fossa
temporal and occipital
38
What forms the slope of the posterior cranial fossa
dorsum sallae and clivus
39
What structures will be seen on the petrous part of the temporal bone
groove for inferior petrosal sinus and inferior acoustic meatus
40
What structures pass through the internal acoustic meatus
CN 7 and 8
41
What structures pass through the jugular foramen
CN 9, 10, 11 | Internal jugular vein
42
What structures will pass through the jugular tubercle and hypoglossal canal
CN 12 and the meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery
43
What structures will pass through the condylar canal
emissary vein
44
What structures will pass through the foramen magnum
brain stem CN 11 vertebral arteries
45
What is the basillar artery
formed from the two vertebral arteries joining
46
Where does the basillar artery run
clivus
47
What are the cranial meninge layers
Dura Arachnoid Pia mater
48
Where is the dura mater
2 layers: Periosteal layer and meningeal layer
49
Where is the arachnoid mater
covers the brain; does not follow contours
50
Where is the pia mater
adhered to the brain; follows contours
51
What is in the subarachnoid space
CSF
52
What vessels will cause a subarachnoid hemorrhage
veins and arteries within the subarachnoid space are bleeding
53
Where is the falx cerebri found
between the two hemispheres of the brain
54
Where is the falx cerebelli found
under tentorium cerebelli, between cerebellar hemispheres
55
Where does the middle meningeal artery enter the skull
foramen spinosum
56
Where does the middle meningeal artery originate
maxillary artery
57
Where does the ascending pharyngeal artery originate
internal carotid
58
What are the branches of the pharyngeal artery
jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal
59
What is the anterior cranial fossa innervated by
V1
60
What is the middle cranial fossa innervated by
V2-V3
61
What is the posterior cranial fossa innervated by
Cranial nerves
62
What is the function of the arachnoid villi (granulations)
reabsorption of CSF
63
What is the pterion
region where the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid bones join together
64
What may result from a fracture to the pterion
extradural hematoma
65
What causes an extradural hematoma
bleeding from middle meningeal artery
66
What will be damaged in a subdural hematoma
cerebral vein between arachnoid and dura
67
Where are the venous sinuses found
between periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater
68
Where do venous sinuses receive blood from
diploic and emissary veins
69
Where do venous sinuses drain
via cerebral veins and empty into internal jugular
70
What is the significance of the valves in the emissary veins
No valves, infection can enter cranial vault from outer surface of the skull
71
What is the largest venous sinus
superior sagittal sinus
72
What sinus will receive the great cerebral vein
straight sinus
73
Where does the sphenoparietal sinus drain
cavernous sinus
74
Where do the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses drain
cavernous sinus--> transverse sinus to the jugular vein
75
What is the sigmoid sinus
continuation of the transverse sinus that will go through the jugular foramen
76
What are the functions of dural venous sinuses
venous drainage for the cranial bones and brain
77
Where does the cavernous sinus occur
between periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater
78
What cranial nerves will have components that course through the cavernous sinus
3, 4, V1, 6, V2
79
What are the structures found within the cavernous sinus
``` CN III CN IV CN V1 CN V2 CN VI Internal carotid artery ```
80
How can an infection spread in the danger triangle of the face
``` facial vein to inferior opthalmic vein to cavernous sinus OR superior opthalmic v to cavernous sinus OR pterygoid venous plexus ```
81
What is cavernous sinus thrombosis
thrombophlebitis (inflamed vein with clots) travels to cavernous sinus
82
What are S/S of cavernous sinus thrombosis
``` exophthalmos conjunctival infection Ptosis dilated pupil voluntary movement of orbit lost tingling and burning of forehead, nose, and upper face ```
83
What is a dural headache
loss of CSF following lumbar puncture can cause brain to sag, which pulls on the vessels attached to the dura causing pain

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 3 (17 decks)

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