headache

Question 1

tension type headache is the most common type of what?

Answer 1

primary headache

Question 2

tension type headache treatment

Answer 2

paracetamol/ asprin

NSAIDs

Question 3

tension headache description:

Answer 3

mild, bilateral headache

NOT disabling

no associated features

Question 4

Migraine is the most common what?

Answer 4

DISABLING primary headache

Question 5

during migraine attacks

migraine is known for episodic attacks

Answer 5

headache

nausea/photophobia

functional disability

Question 6

migraines are usually male or female?

Answer 6

100% male

22% female

Question 7

migraine triggers

Answer 7

sleep disturbance

stress

hunger

environmental stimuli

diet

dehydration

changes in oestrogen in women

Question 8

What is aura?

Answer 8

transient neurological symptoms resulting from cortical or brainstem dysfunction

(can involve visual/sensory/motor/speech symptoms)

Question 9

how long does aura usually last?

Answer 9

15 to 20 mins

Question 10

medication overuse headache is what kind of headache?

Answer 10

primary

Question 11

migraine treatment

Answer 11

NSAIDs or aspirin

triptans

propanolol

gabapentin

depressant medication

(limit to 10 days to make sure of no medication overuse headache)

Question 12

the combined oral contraceptive pill is involved in active

Answer 12

migraine with aura

Question 13

trigeminal autonomic cephalgias are a group of headaches. 4 types:

Answer 13

cluster headache

paroxysmal hemicrania

SUNCT (short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival tearing)

SUNA (short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with autonomic

Question 14

pain of a cluster headache attack is usually

Answer 14

orbital and temporal

Question 15

cluster headache attacks are bilateral or unilateral?

Answer 15

unilateral

Question 16

cluster headaches are episodic in

Answer 16

80-90% of patients

Question 17

some conditions of cluster headache attacks

Answer 17

rapid onset

unilateral

last 15mins to 3 hours

suicide headache

migraine symptoms are often present

Question 18

treatment of a cluster headache

Answer 18

100% oxygen

subcutaenous sumatriptan

oral predisnolone

verapamil

Question 19

paroxysmal hemicrania

Answer 19

attacks are strictly unilateral

last 2-30 minutes

excruciatingly severe

in 10% attacks are precipitated by bending or rotating the head

Question 20

SUNCT pain

Answer 20

stabbing/ pulsatile

Question 21

triggers for SUNCT pain

Answer 21

cuteanous triggers like:

wind/ cold

touch

chewing

Question 22

Treatment of SUNCT/ SUNA

Answer 22

lemotrigine

gabapentin

carbamezepine

Question 23

cuteanous triggers of trigeminal neuralgia

Answer 23

cold/wind

touch

chewing

Question 24

treatment of trigeminal neuralgia

Answer 24

surgical decompression

prophylaxis

Question 25

red flags for a secondary headache

Answer 25

new onset new or change in headache neck stiffness or fever abnormal focal examination abnormal neuro examination high pressure (worse when lying down etc) low pressure (worse when standing up)

Question 26

thunderclap headache

Answer 26

a high intensity headache reaching maximum intensity in less than 1 minute

Question 27

thunderclap headache - primary or secondary?

Answer 27

can be both

Question 28

thunderclap headache differential diagnosis

Answer 28

subarachnoid haemorrhage primary headache intracerebral haemorrhage TIA/stroke meningitis/ encephalitis

Question 29

people with thunderclap headaches often present with

Answer 29

subarachnoid haemorrhage

Question 30

space occupying features/ raised ICP RED FLAGS

Answer 30

focal symptoms or signs worsens when lying down or brought on by valsalva seizures headaches worse in the morning or wakening from a sleep

Question 31

intracranial hypotension is usually caused by

Answer 31

CSF leak

Question 32

what is arteritis?

Answer 32

inflammation of the walls of an artery

Question 33

giant cell arteritis should be considered in patients that are:

Answer 33

over 50 with a sudden on set headache

Question 34

Giant cell arteritis presents with

Answer 34

scalp tenderness jaw claudication visual disturbance