Health Alterations week 0 Flashcards
(22 cards)
A patient who is paralysed on the left side of the body after a stroke develops a pressure ulcer on the left hip. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate?
Impaired skin integrity related to altered circulation and pressure
The nurse admits a patient to the hospital and develops a plan of care. What components should the nurse include in the nursing diagnosis statement?
The problem, its cause, and objective data that support the problem
What format should be used when writing the nursing diagnoses?
problem, aetiology, and signs and symptoms. The subjective, as well as objective, data should be included in the defining characteristics. Interventions and outcomes are not included in the nursing diagnosis statement.
What sections of the clinical reasoning cycle relate to the diagnosis phase of the nursing process?
process this information, Identify problems / issues
What is the normal pH in the blood?
7.35 - 7.45
What sections of the clinical reasoning cycle relate to the implementation phase of the nursing process?
Take action
A nurse asks the patient if pain was relieved after receiving medication. What is the purpose of the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
To determine if interventions have been effective in meeting patient outcomes
A patient with a bacterial infection has a nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume related to excessive diaphoresis. Which outcome would the nurse recognize as appropriate for this patient?
Patient has a balanced intake and output
In the context of patient assessment, what is a sign?
an objective measurement of a body process that may give evidence of a disease process
Explain what is meant by homeostasis.
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a dynamic steady state in the body regardless of changes in the external environment, achieved by internal mechanisms that allow rapid automatic changes.
Why is it important to understand pathophysiology?
To understand the effects and symptoms experienced by the patient, and to understand why appropriate medications and treatments are useful.
What is an acute disease?
A disease that develops rapidly and lasts a short time
The nurse interviews a patient while completing the health history and physical examination. What is the purpose of the assessment phase of the nursing process?
To obtain data with which to diagnose patient problems
What sections of the clinical reasoning cycle relate to the assessment phase of the nursing process?
Consider the patient situation, collect cues / information
What is a chronic disease?
develops gradually and can last for a long time.
What organs maintain the pH within the body?
Lungs and kidneys
Define the term pathophysiology?
The study of changes to normal body function during disease processes.
What sections of the clinical reasoning cycle relate to the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
Evaluate outcomes, reflect on process and new learning
What are the three (3) essential components of a negative feedback pathway?
Sensor, control centre, effector
What extracellular fluid ion concentrations are most critical for cellular homeostasis?
Sodium, potassium and calcium
What is a symptom?
A subjective indication of the patient’s experience as reported by the patient
What are the consequences of an inability to maintain homeostasis in the body?
- Changes in signs and symptoms
- Disease
- Pathophysiology
