hearing

Question 1

pinna

Answer 1

outside of body, captures and takes sound into auditary canal

Question 2

auditary canal

Answer 2

• passageway to connect outer ear to middle ear to direct siund waves towards eardrum
  -can be blocked

Question 3

malleus

Answer 3

/hammer, 1/ three tiny bones in middle ear that transmit sound vibrations from eardrum to inner ear, recives vibrations from eardrum and transmits to incus which passes to stapes

Question 4

stapes

Answer 4

stirrup shape, lighest bone in human body, articulates with incus transmits vibrations to oval window

Question 5

incus

Answer 5

/anvil, transmits sounds from malleus to stapes helping to convert sound waves to mechanical signals for hearing

Question 6

tympanic membrane

Answer 6

eardrum, cone shaped membrane that seperates external ear from middle ear, transmits sound vibrations to ossicles

Question 7

round window

Answer 7

membrane covered cochlea which sound transits by allowing pressure relief within cochlear fluid

Question 8

eustachian tube

Answer 8

connects middle ear to nasopharync, equalises pressure, drains fluid and protion against infections

Question 9

cochlea

Answer 9

spiral shaped structure in inner ear responsible for converting sound vibrations into nerve impulses

• two fluid filled chambers (vestibular and tympanic canal) seperated by cochlear duct (organ of corti) which has hairs with different flexibiities, lie down or stand up mends action potential and lets us hear frequencies
• creates these pressure waves, basillar membrane not ridgid all way through, which part is stimulated deends on pitch

Question 10

auditory nerve

Answer 10

branch ofvestibulocochlear nerves that transmit sound signals from inner ear to brain for interpretation

Question 11

semicircular canals

Answer 11

three loop shaped structures in the inner ear that play a role of balance and spatial oreintation to detect rotational movements of head

Question 12

how do we feel emotions

Answer 12

• stimulus and context (ie society norms)
  morality study = 252 participants assigned to 3 experimental conditions, money clip had positive music overlay and tension music, and elderly couple clip wanted to induce anger so intense music and then loving music, or no msuic for control
• found happiness chnaged betwen two groups
  SD in money video - x2 affected to emotions compared to elderly couple as took it too far

Question 13

causes of hearing loss

Answer 13

-blockage of ear canal
-damage to structures ie. eardrum
- corrective agent ie. hearing aid
genetic disorders, tumours, loud noises
study: survey of 160 deaf, 78 hard of hearing polish participants
- people liek to know moodd of music (65.6%), type(40.6%), if music presrnt at all (17.5%)
-110 deaf, 45 hard of hearing- whats more useful
49% title
11% type of music
3 clips = shining, dead man walking (excuution), car driving on mountain from shining
assigned participants - subtitling doesnt influence emotion if not reflected on screen, detail of music most successful, no one emotion elicited from clip
study: preligngual hearing loss = before 3 yrs old , post lingueal = older, does impact music appreciation?= 30 patients with cochlear implants, appears to impact post lingual individuals most more able to recognise msuic ie. melody, style etc