Hearing Flashcards
(40 cards)
What is the perception of the energy carried by sound waves?
Hearing
What are alternating waves of air pressure with periods of compression and rarefaction?
Sound waves
How do we characterize sounds waves, how do we measure them and what frequency is audible to humans?
- Pitch
- Hertz
- 20 to 20k Hz
Loudness is our interpretation of what and how is it measured?
- Sound Intensity
- Decibles
When we talk, we talk at what loudness level?
60 dB
If you don’t want to cause hearing loss, you better keep your music under what noise level?
> 100 dB
When you hear sound, it hit the eardrum and becomes what?
Vibrations
What are the three bones in the ear?
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
How much do the bone of the middle ear amplify sound?
16x
The stapes vibrates against what structure in the ear?
Oval window
Vibrations from the stapes is converted to what in the vestibular duct?
Fluid waves
What activates the sensory hair cell receptors?
Fluid waves that push on the membranes of the cochlear duct
Where does the energy from the fluid waves dissipate after it goes across the cochlear duct and into the tympanic duct?
The round window
What happens when the hair cells in the cochlear duct are activated?
The create action potentials in sensory neurons of the cochlear nerve
How many fluid filled compartments does the cochlea have?
3
What are the vestibular and tympanic ducts filled with?
Perilymph
What is perilymph similar to?
Plasma
What is the cochlear duct filled with?
Endolymph
What does endolymph resemble?
Intracellular fluid (high K+)
What contains hair cells covered with stereocilia?
Organ of corti
What does the organ of corti sit on?
The basilar membrane
The longest stereocilia are embedded on what overlying structure?
Tectorial membrane
Which of the hair cells are mechanical amplifiers?
Outer hair cells.
What hair cells turn motion into local potentials?
Inner hair cells.
