Heart

Question 1

What arteries accompanies the great cardiac vein?

Answer 1

Anterior interventricular artery

Question 2

Sympathetic stimulation will have what direct effect on the heart?

Answer 2

Increased stroke volume

Question 3

Located at the junction of superior vena cava and the right auricle; it is the most rapidly depolarizing cardiac muscle tissue of the heart.

“Pacemaker”

Answer 3

Sinuatrial node

Question 4

An area of specialized tissue between the atria and the ventricles of the heart, specifically in the posteroinferior region of the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus, which conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles

Answer 4

AV node

Question 5

Provides parasympathetic control to the heart

Answer 5

Vagus nerve

Question 6

What is the correct conduction pathway thru the heart?

Answer 6

SA node - atrial muscle - AV node - HIS bundle - bundle branches - purkinje fibers - ventricular muscle

Question 7

The apex of the heart is located at the level of the:

Answer 7

Fifth left intercostal space

Question 8

Part of the heart that receives blood from the atria.

Answer 8

Ventricles

Question 9

It enlarges briefly in response to coarctation ( constriction) of the aorta

Answer 9

Left ventricle

Question 10

Resistance to pulmonary blood flow in the lungs causes a strain on the right ventricle and results in

Answer 10

Ventricular hypertrophy

Question 11

Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart except:

Answer 11

Pulmonary and umbilical veins - carry deoxygenated blood to the heart

Question 12

Pressure in the veins of the lung increases, which may cause fluid accumulation in the lung. This may result in?

Answer 12

Shortness of breath and pulmonary edema

Question 13

Which of the following describes the function of the ductus arteriosus in fetus?

Answer 13

It shunts blood from pulmonary artery to the aorta

Question 14

The high levels of oxygen that ductus is exposed to after birth causes the ductus to close to n most cases whithin 24hours. When it does not close, it is termed as?

Answer 14

Patent ductus arteriosus

Question 15

After birth, the ductus arteriosus becomes_________ which connects the arch of the aorta to the left pulmonary artery.

Answer 15

Ligamentum arteriosum

Question 16

It is the inflammation of the muscular layer of the heart

Answer 16

Myocarditis (myocardium)

Question 17

The major sensory nerve to the parietal pericardium is from

Answer 17

Branches of the phrenic nerve C3-C5

Question 18

The left atrium and left ventricle receive their major arterial supply from what artery?

Answer 18

Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery

Question 19

_______ receive the majority of their blood flow during systole.

Answer 19

Coronary arteries

Question 20

Is the one most often involved in coronary occlusions and is often the one that is bypassed in bypass cardiac surgery

Answer 20

Anterior interventricular artery

Question 21

Which of the following does NOT empty directly into the right atrium?

a. Azygous vein
b. Inferior vena cava
c. Superior vena cava
d. coronary sinus

Answer 21

Azygous vein

Question 22

Lies in the posterior part of the coronary sulcus (atrioventricular groove) opens in the right atrium between the opening of the inferior vena cava and the right atrioventricular orifice.

Answer 22

Coronary sinus

Question 23

Opens into the upper part of the atrium. Returns blood from the upper half of the body

Answer 23

Superior vena cava

Question 24

Are said to be semilunar valves, because each consists of three half-moon shaped valve cusps that are attached to the inside wall of the aortic and pulmonary arteries

Answer 24

Aortic and pulmonary valves

Question 25

Ventricles of the heart, and the pulmonary and aortic valves, open the allow blood to be pumped into the pulmonary and circulatory systems while the mitral and tricuspid valves are closed.

Answer 25

Ventricular systole

Question 26

The aortic and pulmonary valves close while the atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid valves) open to allow blood to pass from the atria to ventricles.

Answer 26

Ventricular diastole

Question 27

In the healthy heart, after ventricular systole, the aortic valve:

Answer 27

Prevents reflux of blood into the left ventricle

Question 28

Overdistension of the valves of the atrioventricular orifices in f the heart is prevented by:

Answer 28

Papillary muscles and the trabeculae carneae

Question 29

When this valve is closed it prevents back flow of blood into the left ventricle

Answer 29

Aortic valve

Question 30

Semilunar valves

Answer 30

Pulmonary and aortic valves

Question 31

Major jones criteria for diagnosting rheumatic fever:

Answer 31

Migratory polyarhritis Carditis Subcutaneous nodules Syndenham chorea Erythema marginatum

Question 32

Subcutaneous nodules

Answer 32

Containing Aschoff bodies

Question 33

Syndenham chorea

Answer 33

Involuntary rapid movements of the extremities

Question 34

Migratory polyarthritis

Answer 34

Temporary migrating inflammation of the large joints

Question 35

A long standing reddish rash distributed in a “bathing suit” pattern

Answer 35

Erythema marginatum

Question 36

What structures prevent AV valves from everting (or being blown out) back into the atria during ventricular contraction?

Answer 36

Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles

Question 37

The diaphragmatic surface of the heart is formed by

Answer 37

Both ventricles

Question 38

The anterior surface of the heart is also known as:

Answer 38

Sternocostal surface