Heart

Question 1

valsalva effect on heart

Answer 1

-decreased return of blood to heart, reduced cardia output -abnormal elevation of blood pressure and heart rate

Question 2

3 types of blood vessels

Answer 2

arteries, veins and capillaries

Question 3

pulmonary circulation

Answer 3

blood to and from lungs RV>pulmonary artery>lungs>pulmonary veins>heart

Question 4

cardiac output

Answer 4

amount of blood pumped from heart to aorta in one minute (stroke volume x heart rate)

Question 5

overload principle

Answer 5

• places stress on heart and lungs
• stimulated adaptation where heart becomes more efficient at pumping blood in each beat
• strkoe volume increases
• heart rate decreases

Question 6

stroke volume during exercise

Answer 6

increases to meet needs

Question 7

fit stroke volume

Answer 7

100-110ml per beat

-super fit, closer to 200ml

Question 8

average stroke volume

Answer 8

70-80ml per beat

Question 9

High diastolic BP

Answer 9

over 100

Question 10

target heart rate

Answer 10

60-70bpm

Question 11

blood cycle

Answer 11

Body>vena cava>RA>RV>pulmonary artery>lungs>pulmonary vein>LA>LV>aorta>body

Question 12

pulmonary artery

Answer 12

deoxygenated blood form body to lungs

Question 13

tricuspid valve

Answer 13

opens when RA contracts

Question 14

right atrium

Answer 14

receives blood from vena cava & sends to RV

Question 15

sinoatrial node

Answer 15

pacemaker

Question 16

aortic valve

Answer 16

allows oxygenated blood into the aorta

Question 17

pulmonary valve

Answer 17

prevents backflow of blood from RV to pulmonary artery

Question 18

left ventricle

Answer 18

pumps blood to body via aorta

Question 19

left atrium

Answer 19

receives blood from pulmonary vein

-sends blood to left ventricle

Question 20

systolic BP

Answer 20

pressure exerted on artery walls when ventricles contract and pump blood to arteries

Question 21

vena cava

Answer 21

• largest vein in body
• blood from the body to heart

Question 22

Diastolic pressure

Answer 22

pressure exerted on artery walls when ventricles fill between heartbeats

Question 23

arteries

Answer 23

• carry blood away from heart to capilleries
• further from heart they become arterioles
• thick muscle walls, smooth muscle, elastic tissue, small internal diameter

Question 24

decreased blood pressure

Answer 24

venous return decreases heart has less blood to pump, heart contracts less forecefully

Question 25

high end of normal BP

Answer 25

120/80-140/90

Question 26

Low BP

Answer 26

90/60 or lower

Question 27

Blood pressure

Answer 27

amount of pressure exerted on artery walls as blood moves through

Question 28

white coat hypertension

Answer 28

BP rise from doctor's office

Question 29

Blood pressure reading

Answer 29

systolic/diastolic

Question 30

veins

Answer 30

carry blood back to heart - low pressure, rely on muscles to help blood return - one way valves - hold 2/3 of circulating blood

Question 31

aorta

Answer 31

blood to body -largest artery

Question 32

what is the largest artery?

Answer 32

aorta

Question 33

venous return

Answer 33

process of returning blood to the heart

Question 34

capilleries

Answer 34

- smallest blood vessels - connect arterioles to venules - slow blood flow - exchange of materials between blood and tissues

Question 35

BP variation through the day

Answer 35

lowest early morning, rises through the day

Question 36

Why is blood pressure important?

Answer 36

key to move blood through smaller capilleries and push against gravity

Question 37

diffusion

Answer 37

exchange of materials between blood vessels and tissues

Question 38

4 chambers of heart

Answer 38

R and L ventricle R and L atrium

Question 39

hypertension

Answer 39

high BP- greater force on artery walls

Question 40

pressure in large arteries

Answer 40

keeps blood moving against gravity and forces blood through small capilleries

Question 41

high BP

Answer 41

140/90 and up

Question 42

pulmonary vein

Answer 42

- only vein to carry oxygen - blood from lungs

Question 43

arteries that leave the heart

Answer 43

aorta and pulmonary artery

Question 44

2 main veins that enter the heart

Answer 44

vena cava and pulmonary vein

Question 45

venules

Answer 45

smallest veins

Question 46

Normal BP

Answer 46

90/60-120/80

Question 47

Hypertension symptoms

Answer 47

dull headache, dizziness, nosebleeds

Question 48

hypertension risk age

Answer 48

45 for men, 65 for women

Question 49

ventricles are

Answer 49

larger and inferior

Question 50

ventricles

Answer 50

pump blood out of heart

Question 51

atria

Answer 51

collect blood returning to heart

Question 52

systemic circuit

Answer 52

blood to the body

Question 53

pulmonary circuit

Answer 53

deoxygenated bloood to lungs

Question 54

which side of the heart is the deoxygenated blood in

Answer 54

right side

Question 55

plasma

Answer 55

surrounds blood cells and helps transport co2, hormones and metabolic waste

Question 56

red blood cells

Answer 56

o2 carriers

Question 57

white blood cells

Answer 57

produce antibodies and help destroy microorganisms

Question 58

4 components of blood

Answer 58

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

Question 59

platelets

Answer 59

clump together to form clots and protect body

Question 60

what color is deoxygenated blood

Answer 60

blueish

Question 61

are ventricles or artiums larger

Answer 61

ventricles

Question 62

are ventricles superior or inferior

Answer 62

superior

Question 63

tricuspid valve

Answer 63

valve between RA and RV

Question 64

systemic circulation

Answer 64

flow of blood from left side of heart to all parts of body and back to right side of heart

Question 65

pulmonary circulation

Answer 65

flow of blood from right side of heart to lungs and back to left side

Question 66

pulmonary

Answer 66

lungs

Question 67

high blood pressure stage 2

Answer 67

160/100 or higher

Question 68

hypertensive crisis

Answer 68

180/110 or more

Question 69

red blood cells

Answer 69

transport o2 around body

Question 70

what part of blood fights infection

Answer 70

white blood cells

Question 71

what part of blood clots

Answer 71

platelets

Question 72

what part of blood is the liquid part?

Answer 72

plasma