Heart and location Flashcards
where is the heart located?
In the chest, posterior to the STERNUM just left of the centre
what is the approximate size of the heart
about the size of an adult clenched fist
what is the heart? and what is it responsible for?
It is a muscular pump and is responsible for circulating blood around the body
What are the two main arteries that leave the heart?
the aorta and the pulmonary artery
What is the only artery to carry deoxegenated blood away from the heart?
The pulmonary artery
where is the sinotrial node? S A node located?
the right atrium
what is the sinotrial node?
it is the pacemaker of the heart
what is the role of sinotrial node?
it controls the heart rythem and excites the other cardiac muscle cells so they contract
what do the autonomic nerves which connect the brain to the sinotrial node do?
they increase or decrease the heart rate to maintain blood pressure, oxegen and carbon dioxide homeostasis
What is the first valve that blood flows through the heart called? and where is it located?
the tricuspid valve which is located between the atrium and the ventriquel on the right side of the heart
when does the tricuspid valve open
and what happens?
it opens when the atrium contracts, allowing blood to flow to the ventriquel
what are the two main veins that enter the heart? and what is their role?
- vena cava, which carries deoxegenated blood from the body to the right atrium of the heart
- pulmonary vein which carries oxegenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
where are the atrio ventriqualar valves located?
between the upper and lower chambers of the heart
where is the atrio ventriqualar valve i.e Bicuspid valve (mitral) valve positioned?
between the left atrium and the left ventriquel
what happens when the left atrium contracts?
the bicuspid valve opens allowing oxegenated blood to move into the left ventriquel
