Heart and Vascular System Flashcards
(10 cards)
In which of the following locations would one NOT find spontaneous depolarization?
a. SA node.
b. myocardium.
c. AV node.
d. bundle of His.
e. Purkinje fibers.
b
Which of the following scenarios would increase contractility of the myocardium?
a. increased activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase.
b. increased activity of sacroplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase.
c. decreased activity of sacroplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase.
d. decreased intracellular calcium levels.
e. increased intracellular K+ levels
b
All of the following statements regarding abnormal cardiac function are true EXCEPT:
a. Ventricular arrhythmias are generally more severe than atrial arrhythmias.
b. Ventricular hypertrophy is a common cause of ventricular arrhythmias.
c. Coronary artery atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic heart disease.
d. Right-sided heart failure results in pulmonary edema.
e. Tachycardia is classified as a rapid resting heart rate (>100 beats/min)
d
Ion balance is very important in maintaining a normal cardiac rhythm. Which of the
following statements is TRUE?
a. Blockade of K+ channels decreases the duration of the action potential.
b. Blockade of Ca2+ channels has a positive inotropic effect.
c. Inhibition of Na+ channels increases conduction velocity.
d. Blockage of the Na+/K+-ATPase increases contractility.
e. Calcium is transported into the cell via a Ca2+-ATPase.
d
Which of the following is most likely NOT a cause of myocardial reperfusion injury?
a. cellular pH fluctuations.
b. damage to the sarcolemma.
c. generation of toxic oxygen radicals.
d. Ca2+ overload.
e. inhibition of the electron transport chain
e
Which of the following statements regarding the cardiotoxic manifestations of ethanol
consumption is FALSE?
a. Acute ethanol toxicity causes decreased conductivity.
b. Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with arrhythmias.
c. Acute ethanol toxicity causes an increased threshold for ventricular fibrillation.
d. Chronic ethanol toxicity can result in cardiomyopathy.
e. Acetaldehyde is a mediator of cardiotoxicity
c
Cardiac glycosides:
a. increase the activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase.
b. make the resting membrane potential more negative.
c. can have sympathomimetic and parasympathomimetic effects.
d. decrease ventricular contractility.
e. increase AV conduction.
c
Which of the following is NOT a common cardiotoxic manifestation of cocaine abuse?
a. parasympathomimetic effects.
b. myocardial infarction.
c. cardiac myocyte death.
d. ventricular fibrillation.
e. ischemia.
a
Using high doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids is NOT likely associated with which of the
following?
a. an increase in LDL.
b. cardiac hypertrophy.
c. myocardial infarction.
d. increased nitric oxide synthase expression.
e. a decrease in HDL
d
Which of the following is NOT a common mechanism of vascular toxicity?
a. membrane disruption.
b. oxidative stress.
c. bioactivation of protoxicants.
d. reduction and accumulation of LDL in endothelium.
e. accumulation of toxin in vascular cells
d
