Heart circulation

Question 1

Heart location

Answer 1

Mediastinum, center and left

Question 2

Heart layers (inside out)

Answer 2

1. Endocardium (inner most lining)
2. Myocardium (muscle)
3. Pericardium (2 outer most layers, visceral attached to heart, parietal pericardium (epicardium) forms a sack)

Question 3

Heart Structure

Answer 3

2 pumps

Left receives blood from lungs and pumps around body

Right receives blood from body and pumps to lungs

Question 4

Vessels that enter the heart

Answer 4

Superior vena cava

Inferior vena cava

Pulmonary veins (4)

Question 5

Vessels that exit the heart

Answer 5

Aorta

Pulmonary artery

Question 6

Superior and inferior vena cave enters

Answer 6

Right atrium

Question 7

Pulmonary veins enter

Answer 7

Left atrium

Question 8

Aorta exits

Answer 8

left ventricle

Question 9

Pulmonary artery exits

Answer 9

Right ventrical

Question 10

Atrioventricular valves

Answer 10

Tricuspid (right) and bicuspid (left) valves. Between atrium and ventricals.

Question 11

Why is the left AV valve Bicuspid and the right tricuspid?

Answer 11

Because it is stronger which is needed because the left has a higher pressure

Question 12

Semilunar valves

Answer 12

Aortic (between aorta and left ventrical) and pulmonary valves

Question 13

What holds the valves

Answer 13

Chordae tendineae which are anchored by papillary muscles

Question 14

2 Phases of the cardiac cycle

Answer 14

Systole=contracting phase

Diastole= filling phase

When atrium is in systole, ventrical is in diastole

Question 15

Cardiac cycle step1

Answer 15

Atrial systole, ventricular diastole. Both atria contract together pushing blood through the AV valves and into the ventricles

Question 16

Cardiac cycle step 2

Answer 16

Systole

Ventricles contract together, increasing pressure =snaps AV valves closed and pops open semilunar valves

Question 17

Cardiac cycle step 3

Answer 17

Diastole

Ventricle relaxes, AV valves open allowing blood from atrium into ventricle and cycle starts again

Question 18

Hear sounds and why?

Answer 18

Lub Dub

Lub = AV valves closing and begining of systole

Dub = SL valves open and end of systole

Question 19

Stroke volume (S.V.)

Answer 19

normal 70mL blood leaves left ventricle

Question 20

Cardiac output is

Answer 20

amount of blood ejected from L.V. (S.V.) times HR

Question 21

Circulatory route

Answer 21

Away from heart =arteries

Arteries become smaller = arterioles

Arterioles supply bed of = capillaries

Capillaries drain into = venules

Venules join together to become = veins

Veins return blood to heart

Question 22

2 main routes of circulation

Answer 22

Systemic and Pulmonary

Question 23

Systemic circulation

Answer 23

blood flows through Aorta to body and back through vena cava

Question 24

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 24

Blood flows through PA to lungs and bakc to pulmonary veins