Heart failure Flashcards
(16 cards)
what are the clinical manifestation of chronic HF
dyspnea, cough, pulmonary crackles, tachypnea, peripheral edema, jugular venous distantion, hepatomegaly, ascite, weight gain, anorexia
What are the potential complication of heart failure
pleural effusion, dysrhythmias, left ventricular thrombus, hepatomegaly, renal failure
what are some common causes of chronic HF
Coronary artery disease
Hypertension
Rheumatic heart disease
Congenital heart disease
Ventricular septal defect
Pulmonary disease
Cardiomyopathy
Anemia
Bacterial endocarditis
Valvular disorders
what are the goal of therapy for acute HF
decreasing intravascular volume, decreasing venous return, decreasing afterload, improve gas exchange and oxygenation, improve cardiac function, reduce stress
what are the goal therapy for chronic HF
improve symptoms, minimized adverse effect of treatment, prevent morbidity, prolong survival
what are three non pharmacological therapy
oxygen, exercise and activity, self management teaching
what food is avoided with someone suffering from HF
food with high volume of sodium
why is it important to reduce the sodium in the body
to control the blood pressure
what is the recommended fluid intake for people with HF
1.5L to 2L a day
why do we restrict fluid intake for someone with HF
because it reduce fluid overload, decrease cardiac workload, decrease symptoms
how should a person with HF weight themself
every breakfast with the same clothing
why is it important to weight daily patient with HF
it reveal early sign of fluid retention
what weight gain is considered dangerous
2kg in 1 day or 2.5kg or more in a few day
what are the four most common nursing priority problem with someone with HF
reduced gas exchange, inadequate cardiac output, excess fluid volume, reduced stamina
what are the five important principle that guide acute intervention to manage HF
a. treatment plan establish with quality of life goals b. symptoms are managed by the client c. intake of salt and water must be restricted d. do exercise as prescribed e. use of support system
what does BNP means in the body
it means that cardiac cells are dying, a signs of HF
