HEART FAILURE

Question 1

What happen to the cardiac output and demand of heart failure

Answer 1

👇🏻cardiac output

☝🏻️demand from the body

Question 2

What are the sign and symptoms in the right sided heart failure

Answer 2

Peripheral edema

Neck vein engorgement

Hepatomegaly

Question 3

What happen in the left side HF

Answer 3

Pulmonary edema

Question 4

What are the other sign and symptoms

Answer 4

Orthopenia

Dyspnea on exertion

Paroxymal nocturnal dysypnea

Third heart sound

Cardiomegaly

Question 5

Heart failure is…

Answer 5

Pump/mechanical failure

Inability of the heart to contract

Question 6

What are the NYHA functional classes

Answer 6

Class 1,2,3,4

Question 7

What is the meaning of class 1 NYHA

Answer 7

Dyspnea on greater than ordinary activities

Question 8

What is the meaning of class 2 NYHA

Answer 8

Dyspnea on ordinary activities

Question 9

What is the meaning of class 3 NYHA

Answer 9

Dyspnea on less than ordinary activities

Question 10

What is the meaning of class 4 NYHA

Answer 10

Dyspnea at rest

Question 11

What is dyspnea

Answer 11

Difficult respiration

Question 12

Approach to mngt of HF

Answer 12

☝🏻️ strength of contraction

👇🏻cardiac workload

Question 13

What drugs should be use to ☝🏻️the strength of contraction

Answer 13

Inotropics
👉🏻cardiac glycoside
👉🏻B1 agonist
👉🏻phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Question 14

What drugs should be use to 👇🏻cardiac workloads

Answer 14

Unloaders
    👉🏻ACEi ARBS
    👉🏻Diuretics 
    👉🏻vasodilators 
    👉🏻Beta blockers
    👉🏻BNP analogue

Question 15

What is the meaning of orthopnea

Answer 15

Shortness of breath when supine

Question 16

What is the MOA of cardiac glycoside

Answer 16

Inhibit Na/K ATPase Pump

Question 17

What are the effects in Cardiac glycoside

Answer 17

(+) inotropism
(-) cronotropism
(-) dromotropism

Question 18

What are the drugs in Inotropic agents Cardiac Glycoside

Answer 18

Digoxin (lanoxin)

Digitoxin

Question 19

Do not give digoxin if…

Answer 19

👇🏻HR

Hypokalemia

Hypomagnesemia

Quinidine

HYPERcalcemia

Question 20

What are the differences of digoxin in digitoxin in oral BA

Answer 20

Digoxin 👉🏻 70-75%

Digitoxin👉🏻 >90%

Question 21

What are the differences of digoxin in digitoxin in serum t1/2

Answer 21

Digoxin👉🏻36-40hrs

Digitoxin 👉🏻168hrs

Question 22

What are the differences of digoxin in digitoxin in protein binding

Answer 22

Digoxin👉🏻20-40%

Digitoxin 👉🏻>90%

Question 23

What are the differences of digoxin in digitoxin in volume of distribution

Answer 23

Digoxin 👉🏻 6.3L/kg

Digitoxin 👉🏻 0.6L/kg

Question 24

What are the differences of digoxin in digitoxin in elimination

Answer 24

Digoxin👉🏻 kidney

Digitoxin 👉🏻Liver

Question 25

What are the signs having digoxin toxicity or narrow therapeutic index

Answer 25

GIT Blurred vision Arrythmia

Question 26

What is the DOC in digoxin toxicity

Answer 26

Digibind Immunefab

Question 27

DOC for cardiac glycoside induce arrythmia

Answer 27

Lidocaine

Question 28

What are the drugs in Inottopic agents B1 agonist

Answer 28

Dopamine | Dobutamin

Question 29

What is the MOA of b1 agonist

Answer 29

Stimulates adenylyl cyclase

Question 30

What are the drugs use in Inotropic agents Bypyridines

Answer 30

Milrinone Amrinone

Question 31

What is the use of B1 agonist combined with Bipyridines

Answer 31

Mgt of acute HF and acute exacerbation of chronic HF

Question 32

Unloaders should be given with combination

Answer 32

Of other unloaders or inotropics

Question 33

Unloaders decreases..

Answer 33

👇🏻preload / afterload 👇🏻 cardiac workload

Question 34

ACEi and ARBs decreases and increases??

Answer 34

👇🏻preload and after load 👇🏻aldosterone 👆🏻 Na and H20 excretion

Question 35

ACEi should be..

Answer 35

Use the maximum tolerable or allowable dose Titrate the dose

Question 36

What is the MOA of BNP analogue

Answer 36

Massive vasodilators

Question 37

What is the meaning of BNP analogue

Answer 37

Brain natriuretic peptide analogue

Question 38

Vasodilators are recommended in the ff situation

Answer 38

Px is africant descent When acei arbs cannot be given

Question 39

What are the drugs in vasodilators

Answer 39

ISDN + hydralazine

Question 40

Which one 👇🏻preload in vasodilators drugs

Answer 40

ISDN

Question 41

Which one 👇🏻afterload in vasodilators drugs

Answer 41

Hydralazine