Flashcards in Heart/Lung/Liver/Hormones Deck (32)
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1
Blood into the heart:
A. Blood from Upper extremity flows into what?
B. Blood from lower extremity flows into what?
C. What is the exception?
A. SVC
B. IVC
C. Azygous vein drains lumbar into SVC
2
Right Atrium:
A. 80% of blood passively flows into where?
B. What % is required for atrial contraction?
C. What EKG wave reps atrial contraction?
A. R. Ventricle
B. 20%
C. P-wave
3
R. Atrium:
Atrial contraction (p-wave) starts at the _a_ node in the _b_ of the _c_ atrium.
a. SA
b. Crista Terminalis
C. Right
4
The right atrial impulse travels to what node?
AV
5
AV node delay:
What node impulse to AV node? What is delayed?
SA node, P-R interval is delayed
6
The type of membrane potential that is all or none and is propagated.
Action potential
7
A local potential will only cause an action potential to occur if
Threshold is reached
8
What type of neurons transmit impulses to intrafusal muscles?
Gamma motor
9
The first order neuron from the hand in the dorsal column medial lemniscal system terminates where?
Ipsilateral fasciculus cuneatus
10
The depolarization phase of the action potential is caused by
Influx of sodium ions
11
The simultaneous firing of presynaptic neurons onto a single post-synaptic neuron has an additive effect on that neuron is called
Spatial summation
12
High frequency vibrations are best received by what type of receptor?
Pacinian corpuscles
13
Simultaneous firing of several pre-synaptic neurons cause the post-synaptic cell to reach threshold. This is an example of
Spatial summation
14
Which neurotransmitter is believed to always be inhibitory?
GABA
15
Action potentials occur only at the ___ in myelinated neurons.
Nodes of Ranvier
16
Skin stretch is best received by what type of receptor?
Ruffini endings
17
Depolarization phase of action potential is caused by
Influx of Na ions
18
The ___ is associated with a high degree of spatial localization and fine gradation of intensity of touch.
Dorsal column medial lemniscus
19
The first order neuron from the hand in the dorsal column medial lemniscal system terminates where?
Ipsilateral fasciculus cuneatus
20
What ion triggers the release of neurotransmitters from the pre-synaptic neurons is
Calcium
21
A. The end of diasystole 120 ml is when what occurs?
B. What heart sound is made at the end of diasystole?
A. Tricuspid valve closes
B. S-1
22
Ventricular depolarization occurs where on an EKG?
QRS complex (ventricle contracts)
23
Mid-systole (halfway through) has enough pressure to do what?
Blow open pulmonic semi-lunar valves
24
Blood exits via 2 pulmonary ___ to the lungs.
Arteries
25
Pulmonary artery carries oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
DeOxygenated blood
Also carriers umbilical artery in fetus
26
Blood is oxygenated via __ effect in the lungs.
Bohr effect
27
What is the ratio of O2 to hemoglobin?
4:1
28
What % is hemoglobin saturated by oxygen?
97%
29
Blood exits the lungs via 4 pulmonary __ into the __ atrium.
Veins
Left
30
Highest oxygen concentration is in what system?
Cardiac
31
The pulmonary veins carry __ blood and what in the fetus?
Oxygenated
Umbilical vein
32
