Heating Of The Atmosphere And Trandsfer Of Heat In The Atmosphere

Question 1

What is the main source of heat for the atmosphere?

Answer 1

Sun

Question 2

Does the atmosphere heat directly from the sun?

Answer 2

No. The Earth’s surface absorbs solar radiation and then heats the air above it.

Question 3

What is insolation?

Answer 3

Incoming solar radiation

Question 4

What happens to the Sun’s energy when it reaches Earth?

Answer 4

It is absorbed, reflected, or scattered by the atmosphere and Earth’s surface.

Question 5

What role does the greenhouse effect play?

Answer 5

It traps heat in the atmosphere, keeping Earth warm enough to support life.

Question 6

What are the three methods of heat transfer in the atmosphere?

Answer 6

Radiation, conduction, and convection.

Question 7

What is solae radiation?

Answer 7

The amount of suns energy/heat given off by the sun.(only 46% of the suns energy reaches the Earth sufrace)it moves in shirt waves

Question 8

What is conduction?

Answer 8

The transfer of heat by direct contact between molecules (e.g., Earth’s surface heating the air).

Question 9

What is convection?

Answer 9

The transfer of heat by the movement of air (warm air rises, cool air sinks).

Question 10

Which method of heat transfer is responsible for winds and weather?

Answer 10

Convection

Question 11

Why is the lower atmosphere warmer than the upper atmosphere?

Answer 11

Because it is closer to the Earth’s surface, where most heat is absorbed and transferred upward.

Question 12

What is scattering?

Answer 12

When small particles and gases diffuse(split up) the suns rays in random direction

Question 13

What is the result of scattering?

Answer 13

It causes the sky to appear blue and sunsets to look red/orange.

Question 14

What is reflection?

Answer 14

The process where solar radiation bounces off surfaces like clouds, snow, or water without being absorbed.

Question 15

Why do clouds appear White

Answer 15

They reflect a lot of light

Question 16

What is absorption?

Answer 16

The process by which gases, dust, and Earth’s surface take in solar energy, converting it into heat.

Question 17

Which gases absorb solar radiation in the atmosphere?

Answer 17

Ozone, water vapor, and carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Question 18

How do these processes affect Earth’s temperature?

Answer 18

They control how much solar energy reaches and stays in the atmosphere, influencing weather and climate.

Question 19

What is terrestrial radiation

Answer 19

Long wave radiation from the Earths surface

Question 20

How does the land-sea contrast influence temperature?

Answer 20

Land heats and cools faster than water, so inland areas are more extreme, while coastal areas have moderate temperatures.

Question 21

How does latitude affect temperature?

Answer 21

Areas near the equator are hotter; areas near the poles are colder due to the angle of the sun’s rays.

Question 22

What role do ocean currents play in temperature variation?

Answer 22

Warm currents raise temperatures; cold currents lower them in nearby coastal areas.

Question 23

Why are temperatures lower at the poles even though daylight can last 24 hours?

Answer 23

The sun’s rays are spread out over a larger area and strike at an angle, so they are less intense.

Question 24

Name two places with strong horizontal temperature contrast

Answer 24

Equatorial Africa (hot) and Antarctica (cold).

Question 25

Define the term Maritime climate

Answer 25

is a type of climate found in coastal areas that is influenced by the nearby ocean, resulting in mild temperatures, small seasonal temperature differences, and high humidity with frequent rainfall throughout the year.

Question 26

Albedo

Answer 26

The amount of radiation reflected from the Earths surface

Question 27

What is horizontal variation in temperature

Answer 27

The difference in temperature across different places on Earth's surface at the same altitude

Question 28

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 28

The greenhouse effect is the process by which certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat, keeping the planet warm enough to support life

Question 29

Name the main greenhouse gases.

Answer 29

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)72%, methane10% (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O)5%, and CFC 13%

Question 30

How do greenhouse gases trap heat?

Answer 30

They absorb infrared radiation (heat) emitted from Earth’s surface and re-radiate it back, warming the atmosphere

Question 31

What is global warming?

Answer 31

Global warming is the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities increasing greenhouse gases

Question 32

How does the greenhouse effect relate to global warming?

Answer 32

The greenhouse effect is natural and necessary, but human activities enhance it, causing more heat to be trapped and leading to global warming.

Question 33

List some human activities that increase greenhouse gases.

Answer 33

Burning of fossil fuels,release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere Deforestation trees convert carbon dioxide into oxygen Use of more cars and human activities that generate heat Rapid population growth Greater demand of cattle results in more methane gas

Question 35

What are some consequences of global warming on environment?

Answer 35

*Rises of global temperature *plants and animals that can't adapt to the higher temperature becomes extinct *oceans become warmer *Marine organisms become extinct *more extreme weather *Melting of snow and ice at the poles *Rising sea levels because of melting snow

Question 36

Impact on people

Question 37

Impact of global warming on people?

Answer 37

*It increases the spread of diseases *Migration of people to warmer temperatures