MOISTURE IN THE ATMOSPHERE

Question 1

Name the three states of water?

Answer 1

*Gas (water vapor in the atmosphere)
*Liquid(water that is in tiny water droplets that can be rain or fog)
*Solid(ice crystals in the atmosphere can also fall to the ground as hail and snow)

Question 2

What is distribution of water?

Answer 2

Salt water 97,5%
Fresh water,dams,lakes is 2,5%

Question 3

What is water vapor?

Answer 3

Water vapor is the gaseous form of water found in the atmosphere.

Question 4

What is humidity?

Answer 4

Humidity is the amount of water vapor present in the air.

Question 5

What is relative humidity?

Answer 5

Relative humidity is the percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount the air can hold at a given temperature

Question 6

What is dew point?

Answer 6

The dew point is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with moisture and dew forms.

Question 7

How does temperature affect humidity?

Answer 7

Warm air holds more moisture than cold air, so humidity increases with temperature.

Question 8

What is condensation?

Answer 8

Condensation is the process where water vapor turns into liquid water, forming clouds, dew, or fog.

Question 9

What is evaporation?

Answer 9

Evaporation is the process where liquid water turns into water vapor and enters the atmosphere.

Question 10

What is sublimation

Answer 10

When ice changes directly into water vapour

Question 11

Crystallization

Answer 11

Water changes state from gas to solid

Question 12

What is the hydrological cycle?

Answer 12

The hydrological cycle is the continuous movement of water between the Earth’s surface and the atmosphere.

Question 13

What are the main processes of the water cycle?

Answer 13

Evaporation, condensation, precipitation,infiltration and runoff

Question 14

What is precipitation?

Answer 14

Precipitation is water falling from the atmosphere to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

Question 15

What is infiltration?

Answer 15

Infiltration is the process of water soaking into the ground and replenishing groundwater.

Question 16

Why is the water cycle important?

Answer 16

It distributes fresh water, supports life, helps regulate climate, and drives weather patterns

Question 17

What is runoff?

Answer 17

Runoff is water that flows over the land surface into rivers, lakes, and oceans.

Question 18

What are the three main types of rainfall?

Answer 18

Convectional, Orographic (Relief), and Frontal rainfall.

Question 19

What is convection rainfall

Answer 19

Rainfall caused by the heating of the Earth’s surface, where warm air rises, cools, condenses, and forms rain — common in tropical areas.

Question 20

What is orographic (relief) rainfall?

Answer 20

Rainfall that occurs when moist air is forced up a mountain, cools, condenses, and rains on the windward side. The leeward side stays dry (rain shadow).

Question 21

What is frontal rainfall?

Answer 21

Rainfall that happens when a warm air mass meets a cold air mass. The warm air rises over the cold air, cools, condenses, and forms rain — common in mid-latitudes.(southern Cape)

Question 22

Which type of rainfall is most common in Durban?

Answer 22

Convectional rainfall, due to its warm, humid coastal climate.

Question 23

What are the 4 main types of clouds?

Answer 23

Cirrus, Cumulus, Stratus, and Cumulonimbus

Question 24

What are Cirrus clouds?

Answer 24

Thin wispy,8km and above point in the direction of the wind blowing,indication of cold front

Question 25

What are Stratus clouds?

Answer 25

Low, grey, flat clouds that cover the sky like a blanket — often bring drizzle or light rain.

Question 26

What are Cumulonimbus clouds?

Answer 26

Tall (8-10km), dark grey,strong air currents produces summer rain and thunderstorm

Question 27

What are Cumulus clouds?

Answer 27

Big cotton wool balls,can develop into cumulonimbus in summer and spring can create rain and hail

Question 28

What is precipitation?

Answer 28

Precipitation is water released from clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

Question 29

What is rain?

Answer 29

Liquid water droplets that fall from clouds when the air is warm enough.tempersture cools to dew point and below

Question 30

What is snow?

Answer 30

Ice crystals that fall when air temperatures are below freezing, forming snowflakes.

Question 31

What is sleet?

Answer 31

Frozen raindrops that fall as ice pellets when rain passes through a cold layer of air.

Question 32

What is hail?

Answer 32

Balls or chunks of ice that form in thunderstorm clouds due to strong updrafts

Question 33

What is dew?

Answer 33

Water droplets that form on cool surfaces when water vapor condenses

Question 34

What is frost?

Answer 34

Ice crystals that form on surfaces when water vapor freezes directly, usually on cold, clear nights

Question 35

What determines the form of precipitation?

Answer 35

The temperature of the air above and near the ground

Question 36

Side of the mountain which does not get rain

Answer 36

Leeward sude

Question 37

Winds that blow from the sea to the land

Answer 37

Onshore breezes