Helicabacter Ch. 18,19,22

Question 1

Helicobacter pylori

Answer 1

Vibro

Question 2

Ureas virulence and associated bacterium

Answer 2

Helicobacter pylori urease (urea —> ammonia ^ pH increase, neutralization of stomach acid)

Question 3

VacA protein virulence and associated bacterium

Answer 3

Helicobacter pylori VacA protein acts on gastric mucosal epithelia and promotes flow of urea into stomach

Question 4

CagA protein virulence and associated bacterium

Answer 4

Helicobacter pylori CagA protein: injected into host epithelia > cells change (prelude to cancer)

Question 5

mucinase

Answer 5

Helicobacter pylori mucinase, phospholipase, cytotoxin, LPS ® inflammatory response

Question 6

Gastric ulcer associated with with

Answer 6

Helicobacter pylori

Question 7

in most people: no symptoms (symptom-free carrier).

Answer 7

Helicobacter pylori

Question 8

Gram−
short rods

Answer 8

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 9

GGram−
short rods
polar flagella (one or more; high mobility)
obligate aerobe
simple nutrient requirements (acetate)
broad temperature range: 20 to 43 ºC

Answer 9

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 10

Alginate

Answer 10

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Biofilm Formation

Adherance/ Protection from dihydration

immune invasion

Question 11

Lipopolysaccharide

Answer 11

Lipid A ins endotoxin

core interacts with CFTR

O antigen protects from complement killing

Question 12

opportunistic pathogen (in case of disease, cancer, weakened immunity):
1. common in environment (water, soil) +
Hot tubs are perfect culture conditions (due to heat tolerance)
2. resistance to many chemical desinfectants (like iodine) +
3. R-plasmid based resistance to many antibiotics

Answer 12

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 13

major problem in hospitals (nosocomial infections)
ü lungs: artificial ventilators, cystic fibrosis (mucoid strains)
ü skin: burn victims, folliculitis
ü bladder infections
ü ear infections
(swimmer􀀁s ear:
otitis externa)
ü eye infections
(from contact lenses)

Answer 13

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 14

Soluble blue-green dye pyocyanin and
pyoverdin characterize P.aeriginosa

Answer 14

Pseudomonas aeruginosa : green burn wounds

Question 15

Pulmonary CF

Answer 15

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 16

Bordetella pertussis

positive or negative

Answer 16

gram -

Question 17

Bordetella pertussis

Shape

Answer 17

coccobacilli

Question 18

GGram−
coccobacilli
strict aerobe
non-motile, capsule

Answer 18

Bordetella pertussis

Question 19

__________ show dense surface growth in the lower
respiratory tract (bronchi, bronchioli) without cell
invasion and with strong mucus secretion.

Answer 19

B.pertussis show dense surface growth in the lower
respiratory tract (bronchi, bronchioli) without cell
invasion and with strong mucus secretion.

Question 20

Whooping cough

Answer 20

B.pertussis

Question 21

adhesion to ciliated respiratory tract cells
but NOT invasive

Answer 21

􀀂Whooping cough􀀃 (pertussis)
adhesion to ciliated respiratory tract cells
but NOT invasive

Question 22

(ADP-ribosylation of G-protein: cAMP
􀀄
mucusand
other secretions)

Answer 22

pertussis toxin ptx
(ADP-ribosylation of G-protein: cAMP
􀀄
mucusand
other secretions)

Question 23

secreted invasive adenylate cyclase / hemolysin =

Answer 23

cAMP ^

Question 24

kills ciliated cells
toxin is a component of peptidoglycan
disaccharride-tetrapeptide

Answer 24

tracheal cytotoxin (Nitric Oxide 􀀂NO􀀃 release) 􀀄
kills ciliated cells
toxin is a component of peptidoglycan
disaccharride-tetrapeptide

Question 25

toxin is a component of peptidoglycan disaccharride-tetrapeptide

Answer 25

tracheal cytotoxin (causes Nitric Oxide 􀀁NO􀀂 release) kills ciliated cells toxin is a component of peptidoglycan disaccharride-tetrapeptide Most gram negative bacteria keep TCT within the cell wall by using a transporter protein to recycle it. B. pertussis not capable of recycling TCT and it escapes to the surrounding environment.

Question 26

aerosol transmission children􀀂s disease (mild symptoms in adults who are the 􀀁reservoir􀀂)

Answer 26

Bordetella pertussis

Question 27

DTaP vaccine

Answer 27

``` DTaP vaccine (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis) ```

Question 28

Gram+ pleiomorphic (club-shaped) rods

Answer 28

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 29

V Shaped

Answer 29

Corynebacterium G+ diphtheriae

Question 30

(phage β coded)

Answer 30

diptheria

Question 31

pseudomembrane in throat: heart and kidney

Answer 31

diptheria toxin

Question 32

inactivates elongation factor EF-2, inhibits protein synthesis. ribosylation

Answer 32

Diptheria toxin AB component

Question 33

ADP-ribosylation of EF-2 causing translation stop)

Answer 33

diphtheria toxin

Question 34

Disease risks from toxin: Dipthelia

Answer 34

paralysis impaired swallowing peripheral neuritis • Suffocation (due to blockage) systemic: • cardiac arrythmia • kidney failure

Question 35

Corynebacterium diphteriae spreads via

Answer 35

Spread by saliva droplets