Helminths

Question 1

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Larvae penetrate skin of feet; GI infection → anemia

Answer 1

Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator amencanus (hookworms)—mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate

Question 2

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Worms visibly crawling in conjunctiva; spread by deerfly

Answer 2

Loa loa—diethylcarbamazine

Question 3

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Fever, periorbital edema, and myositis after ingesting raw pork

Answer 3

Trichinella spiralis—thiabendazole

Question 4

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

River blindness; spread by female blackflies

Answer 4

Onchocerca volvulus—ivermectin (rIVERmectin for RIVER blindness)

Question 5

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Elephantiasis from lymphatic blockage

Answer 5

Wuchereria bancrofti—diethylcarbamazine

Question 6

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Larvae penetrate skin → autoinfection; GI infection

Answer 6

Strongyloides stercoralis—(threadworm)-thiabendazole or ivermectin

Question 7

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Intestinal infection and anal pruritis; ↑ incidence in children; positive “tape test”

Answer 7

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms)—mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate

Question 8

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Fluke associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary tract

Answer 8

Schistosoma haematobium—praziquantel

Question 9

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Granulomatous hepatitis and chorioretinitis

Answer 9

Toxocara canis—diethylcarbamazine

Question 10

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

GI infection; competes for food → malnutrition in children; eggs visible in feces

Answer 10

Ascaris lumbricoides—mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate

Question 11

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Inflammation and 2° bacterial infection of lungs from undercooked crab meat

Answer 11

Paragonimus westermani—praziquantel

Question 12

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Biliary tract inflammation from undercooked fish

Answer 12

Opisthorchis (Clonorchis) sinensis—praziquantel

Question 13

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Undercooked pork larval worm → mass lesions in brain; cysticercosis

Answer 13

Taenia solium—praziquantel or niclosamide, albendazole for cysticercosis

Question 14

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Hydatid liver cysts from eggs in dog feces → anaphylaxis if antigens released from cysts

Answer 14

Echinococcus granulosus—albendazole, careful surgical removal of cysts (preinjected with ETOH)

Question 15

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Fish tapeworm causing vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer 15

Diphyllobothrium latum—praziquantel

Question 16

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Cercariae penetrate skin → granulomas and inflammation of liver and spleen; snails are hosts

Answer 16

Schistosoma sp.—praziquantel

Question 17

Which cell count is elevated during many helminth infections and can be detected by routine CBC?

Answer 17

Eosinophils

Question 18

Which is the most common helminth infection in the United States?

Answer 18

Enterobius vermicularis

Question 19

Name the antiparasitic drug(s) associated with each of the following unique toxicities:

Cinchonism

Answer 19

Quinine

Question 20

Name the antiparasitic drug(s) associated with each of the following unique toxicities:

Hemolytic anemia in G6PD-deficient person

Answer 20

Chloroquine, primaquine, quinine, and TMP-SMX

Question 21

Name the antiparasitic drug(s) associated with each of the following unique toxicities:

Mazzotti reaction (pyrexia, hypotension, and respiratory distress caused by death of parasites)

Answer 21

Diethylcarbamazine (with Onchocerca)

Question 23

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated helminth and the treatment:

Larvae penetrate skin of feet; GI infection → anemia

Answer 23

Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator amencanus (hookworms)—mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate