HELP!!!!! Flashcards
what are enzymes
biological catalysts that lower thee activation energy
by speeding the rate of reaction
explain how an enzyme andd a substrate link together
the tertiary structure of the active site is complimentary to the substrate
what is called when an enzyme and substrate join togther
enzyme substrate complex
explain the induced fit model
a conformational change in tertiary structure of active site.
allows for substrate to fit
explain the effect of temperature on enzyme controlled reactions in the inital stages
as the temp increases enzyme and substrate have more kinetic energy
frequency of collisons increases
more succesful enzyme substrate complexes
what does the enzyme and subsrate gain when temp is involved
kinetic energy
what happens when the temperature of the enzyme is too high
enzyme denatures
breaks H+ bonds
changes the tertiary structure of active sight
so substrate no longer complimentary
no ESC
when do enzymes wwork at their fastest
optimum temperature
whaat is the point of saturation/ Vmax
on substrate complexes
this is when all the active sites arent readily avaliable as ESC have been formed
what happens when we increase the frequency of substrates
greater collisons between them
what is the relationship with the effect of substrate concentration
directly proportional
what is the relationship between enzyme concentration on enzymes
dirctly proportional
explain the trendd in enzymes from enzyme concentration
it increases because there are greater amounts of collisions.
more ESC formed
what happens when the graph plateaus for enzyme concentration
substrate aren’t readily avaliabe
so not enough to bind onto enzyme
reaction will no longer spped up
what does a competitive inhibitor do?
competes with the substrate in order to bind onto the active site
how can we reduce the effect of a competitive inhibitor
by increasing the substrate
why do competitve inhibitors reduce ESC
they have a similar shape to the active site
prevents substrate from binding
but no reaction occurs
what do non competitve inhibitors bind onto
allosteric site of the enzyme
what does DNA stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
what does RNA stand for
ribonucleic acid
what does DNA do
holds genetic information
what does RNA do
transfers genetic material frrom DNA to ribosomes
how are ribosomes formed
from RNA and proteins
what is the monomer for DNA and RNA
nucleotides
