Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pediatrics > Hem/Onc > Flashcards

Hem/Onc Flashcards

1
Q

Iron def anemia - PE?

A

fatigue
glossitis
koilonychia
plummer-vinson sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alpha Thalassemia - labs?

A

MILD anemia
MCV is LOW
RBC is NORMAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Alpha Thalassemia - ethnicity?

A

ASIANS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Beta Thalasssemia - ethnicity?

A

GREEK

MEDITERRANEAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does adult hemaglobin change from child?

A

INCREASE in A1 and F compared to A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Iron def anemia - labs?

A

HIGH RDW
HIGH TIBC
LOW Fe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Beta Thalassemia minor - labs?

A

NORMAL RDW
NORMAL TIBC
HIGH Fe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thalassemia - PE?

A

splenomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How to can you differentiate between thalessemia and sickle cell?

A

electrophoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Thalessmemia - tx?

A

folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How to defferentiate between alpha and beta thalessemia?

A

elctrophoresis

beta: increased A2 and F and LOW A
alpha: NORMAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How to tx microcytic anemia -peds?

A

iron supplement for 3-6mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How to tx microcytic anemia - adults?

A

check colonoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is sickle cell?

A

autosomal recessive

AA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sickle cell carrier?

A

asymptomatic until put in low O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sickle cell PE?

A

splenomegaly - removed
ulcers on legs-non healing
systolic murmurs
retoniopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sickle cell - cx of deat?

A

organ failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sickle cell - prognosis?

A

40-50yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sickle cell sx?

A

pain crisis - vasoocclusion –> ischemia

kidney cannot concentrate urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sickle complications?

A

asplastic crisis

DI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sickle cell -dx?

A

peripheral smear

electrophoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sickle cell tx?

A

folic acid
abx prophylaxis
opthalmologic exam
hydroxyurea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ITP?

A

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

ITP -PE?

A

pt feels fine but has rash (petechia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
ITP-labs?
CBC - normal except thrombocytopenia | peripheral smear: megakaryocytes
26
ITP -hx?
post viral infxn
27
What 2 viral infxn can show as rash after viral infxn?
ITP HSP *do CBC; HSP DOES NOT have thrombocytopenia
28
ITP -tx?
mild: >50,000 - self limiting mod: 10-20K - IV Ig and corticosteroid severe: <10K - BAD; transfusion needed asap
29
Acute lymphocytic leukemia - labs?
``` decrease WBC pancytopenia anemia peripheral smear: blast cells HIGH uric acid, K, LDH ```
30
Acute lymphocytic leukemia has the highest risk in?
down sx
31
Acute lymphocytic leukemia - sx?
``` 4P pallor pyrexia (fevers and infxn) petechiae/purpura pain (bone pain) ```
32
Acute lymphocytic leukemia-PE?
splenomegaly
33
Kid has low WBC, not eating, bruising?
ALL
34
Acute lymphocytic leukemia - tx and prognosis?
chemo | good
35
AML?
Auer rods
36
CML?
philadelphia
37
CLL?
``` older adults (60yo+) chronic course ```
38
CNS tumors - sx?
``` changes in behavior, mentation vomiting increasing in head circumference seizures waking up from bad HA visual disturbances ```
39
CNS tumors - PE?
papilledema
40
CNS tumors - dx?
MRI
41
Neuroblastoma?
common OUTSIDE BRAIN tumors
42
When is neuroblastoma found?
usually metastic stage - not good prognosis
43
Neuroblastoma - sx?
wt loss anorexia bone pain
44
Neuroblastoma vs ALL?
both have bone pain but neuroblastoma has wt loss (warning sign for bad cancer)
45
Neuroblastoma -labs?
UA for catacholamines and uric acid
46
Neuroblastoma - imaging?
CT
47
Neuroblastoma- tx?
surgery and chemo
48
Wilms tumor?
ABDOMINAL neuroblastoma
49
Wilms tumor-sx/PE?
abdominal mass but NO complaints
50
WAGR syndrome?
WAGR - Wilms tumor (the tumor itself) - Aniridia (absence of iris in both eyes) - Genitourinary anomalies - mental Retardation
51
Beckwith-Wiedmann sydrome?
genetic defect | wilms tumor
52
Wilm tumor imaging?
CT/US
53
Wilm tumor- tx?
resection and chemo
54
When someone suddenly has an allergic rxn to something they were not allergic to before?
IgE has reached the threshold and now they are allergic | memory cells will react to the foreign (now allergic) stuff
55
What is the allergy triad?
allergic rhinitis asthma eczema
56
Allergic rhinitis - sx?
``` runny nose red eyes Dennie Morgan lines (lines under eyes) nasal salute (lines on nose) nasal mucosa is grey and boggy ```
57
Allergic rhinitis family hx?
atopy
58
Gold standard for allergic rhinitis?
skin test | but NOT ALL POSITIVE are ALLERGY
59
Allergic rhinitis tx?
``` environmental control antihistmine leukotriene inhibitors decongestants mucinolytic nasal steroids ```
60
Allergic rhinitis tx fails?
vasomotor rhinitis sinusitis CF
61
Food allergy vs food intolerance?
allergy: eosinophils and IgE intolerance: NOT IgE but lacking some sort of protein
62
Food intolerance: enzymatic, pharmocologic, toxin?
enzymatic: lacking a protein pharmocologic: MSG, caffiene toxin: antihistamine that is naturally found in some foods (tomatoes and strawberries)
63
Food allergy: anaphylaxis vs localized?
anaphylaxis: SOB, wheezing, hypotensive localized: utricaria (hives), eczema
64
What cause MOST food hypersensitive rxn?
body is reacting to proteins in food | ie) nuts, eggs, soy
65
What is the most common food allergy in peds?
milk protein allergy (cow)
66
Milk protein allergy - sx?
bloody diarrhea
67
Mom precaution in milk progein allergic babies?
if mom is breast feeding, mom has to avoid milk products too
68
Is milk protein allergy lifelong?
no-out grow age of 3 | reintroduce in 15mo
69
Is nut allergy lifelong?
yes - do not reintroduce
70
When to use epi pen?
difficulty breathing swelling of tongue collapse hypotensive
71
Who should know how to use epi pen?
asthma pts | no ER facility
72
What IgE mediated allergic manifestation can occur in allergic rhinitis pts?
oral allergy sx
73
What is oral allergy sx?
may have reaction to certain foods that have a cross rxn with air pollens able to eat the food after cooked (protein that they are allergic to is denatured)
74
What are 3 humoral immunodeficiencies?
bruton Digeorge* SCIDS*
75
What is DIgeorge sx?
missing the 4th pharayngeal outpoutching - needed for the superior parathyroid gland - ABSENT PARATHYROID CARDIAC DEFECTS developmental delays
76
DiGeorge sx-sx?
``` sx AT BIRTH cyanosis HYPOcalcemic seizures - d/t ABSENT PARATHYROID ABNORMAL FACIES CARDIAC DEFECTS Tcell dysfxn ```
77
DiGeorge sx- tx?
cardiac surgery Vit D and Ca bone marrow transplant
78
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency -tx?
protective isolation | bone marrow transplant
79
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency?
leukocytes are not able to migrate from vasculature to the tissue
80
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency - prognosis?
NOT GOOD (no more than 2yo)
81
Umbilical chord doesn't fall off ?
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
82
DiGeorge sx -dx?
chromosomal FISH analysis

Pediatrics (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions