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COMLEX 3 > Hem/Onc > Flashcards

Hem/Onc Flashcards

1
Q

macrocytic anemia –> methylmalonic acid is high –> what is etiology of anemia?

A

B12 def

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2
Q

macrocytic anemia –> methylmalonic acid is normal –> what is etiology of anemia?

A

folate def

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3
Q

children –> what type of leukemia?

A

ALL

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4
Q

20-40yo –> what type of leukemia?

A

AML

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5
Q

40-60yo –> what type of leukemia?

A

CML

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6
Q

> 65yo –> what type of leukemia?

A

CLL

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7
Q

AML –> RF (2)?

A
  • exposure: benzene, radiation

- CML –> blast crisis

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8
Q

AML –> how dx?

A

BM bx:

  • > 20% blasts
  • myeloperoxidase+
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9
Q

AML –> M3 variant –> tx?

A

vitA

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10
Q

AML –> not M3 variant –> tx?

A

ctx

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11
Q

AML –> M3 variant –> histology?

A

auer rods

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12
Q

ALL –> how dx?

A

BM bx:

  • > 20% blasts
  • cALL-a+
  • Tdt+
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13
Q

ALL –> tx?

A

ctx + CNS ppx (ARA-C +/- rad)

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14
Q

CML –> how dx?

A

BM bx –> Philadelphia chromosome/t(9.22)/BCR-ABL

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15
Q

CML –> tx?

A

imatinib

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16
Q

CLL –> >65yo + asx –> tx?

A

none

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17
Q

CLL –> >65yo + sx –> tx?

A

ctx

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18
Q

CLL –> young + donor available –> tx?

A

stem cell transplant

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19
Q

Hodgkin’s disease –> MC presentation?

A

painless LAD

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20
Q

MEN1 –> syndrome components?

A

PPP:

  • Pituitary tumor
  • hyperPTH
  • Pancreas tumor (ie gastrinoma)
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21
Q

von Willebrand disease –> what test to dx? what does it do?

A

ristocetin cofactor assay –> measure capacity of vWF to agglutinate platelets

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22
Q

vWF –> tx for acute bleeding episodes? how does it help?

A

DDAVP –> increase release of stored vWF and factor 8 from platelets

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23
Q

presentation: thyroglossal duct cyst vs branchial cleft cyst

A

thyroglossal duct cyst:

  • midline mass
  • mv w tongue protrusion

branchial cleft cyst

  • lateral to midline
  • overlie sternocleidomastoid muscle
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24
Q

cystic hygroma vs thyroglossal duct cyst/ branchial cleft cyst

A

cystic hygroma: usu diagnosed by 2yo

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25
what is pernicious anemia
gastritis --> loss of gastric parietal cells --> intrinisc factor deficiency --> megaloblastic anemia
26
hodgkin's lymphoma --> MC subtype
nodular sclerosing
27
hodgkin's lymphoma --> how dx?
excisional LN bx
28
prostate CA --> metastasizes to?
bone
29
30F --> severe menorrhagia --> Hb 6 --> 3unit RBC --> 2hr into transfusion --> hypotension, wheezing, diaphoresis, rash what condition?
anaphylaxis
30
anaphylactic rxn from blood transfusion --> indicates what condition?
IgA def
31
tumor marker AFP --> assoc w what malig?
- HCC - germ cell ovarian - testicular
32
differentiate Hodgkin's vs non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Hodgkin's: - Reed-Sternberg cells - better prognosis non-Hodgkin's: - no Reed-Sternberg cells - worse prognosis
33
nontender LAD --> next step
excisional bx
34
nontender LAD --> excisional bx shows lymphoma --> next step?
stage: 1) CXR 2) CT chest/abd/pelvis or PETCT 3) BM bx
35
Hodgkin's lymphoma --> risk of what complication
chemotherapy/radiation --> progress to non-Hodgkin's
36
lymphoma staging --> what is stage 2?
multiple nodes --> same side of diaphragm
37
lymphoma staging --> what is stage 3?
multiple nodes --> both side of diaphragm
38
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura --> pathophys
ADAMTS-13 def --> hyaline clot in vessels --> shred RBCs & platelets --> clots --> obstruct flow to distal tissue
39
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura --> presentation
FATRN: - fever - anemia (microangiopathic hemolytic) - thrombocytopenia - renal fail - neuro ssx
40
TTP --> blood smear finding
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia --> schisotocytes
41
TTP --> tx
exchange transfusion
42
``` CBC: decreased platelet smear: schistocytes PT/PTT: normal Fibrinogen: normal D-dimer: normal ``` what dx?
TTP
43
``` CBC: decreased platelet smear: schistocytes PT/PTT: high Fibrinogen: low D-dimer: high ``` what dx?
DIC
44
HIT --> tx
- stop heparin | - start argatroban/lepirudin --> bridge to warfarin
45
immune thrombocytopenic purpura --> pathophys
autoimmune --> Ab to platelet
46
immune thrombocytopenic purpura --> tx
- steroid | - IVIG
47
immune thrombocytopenic purpura --> refractory --> tx
splenectomy
48
wVF dz --> lab findings: platelets? PT? PTT?
platelets: normal PT: normal PTT: normal-prolonged (due to dysfunction factor 8)
49
R supraclavicular adenopathy --> assoc w what malignancies (3)?
- mediastinus - lung - esophagus
50
L supraclavicular adenopathy --> assoc w what malignancies (3)?
- stomach - GB - pancreas
51
differentiate: neurofibromatosis type 1 vs type 2
type 1: - cafe au lait spots - lisch nodules - Crowe sign: axillary freckles type 2: - bilateral acoustic neuroma (schwannoma of CN VIII) - few cafe au lait spots
52
von Hippel Lindau synd --> assoc w what malignancies?
- RCC - pheochromocytoma - hemangioblastoma
53
Burkitt lymphoma --> tx
rituximab
54
tumor marker CA 19-9 --> what malig?
pancreatic
55
tumor marker calcitonin --> what malig?
medullary thyroid CA
56
tumor marker CEA --> what malig?
epithelial cancers (bowel, lung, thyroid, pancreatic, cervical, bladder, etc)
57
tumor marker thyroglobulin --> what malig?
thyroid
58
CLL --> complication
Richter transformation --> conversion to diffuse large B cell lymphoma
59
cancer death --> top 3
1) lung 2) breast/prostate 3) colorectal
60
cancer prevalence --> top 3
1) breast/prostate 2) lung 3) colorectal
61
MEN 2A
PPM: - PTH - pheo - medullary thyroid CA
62
MEN2B
PMM: - pheo - medullary thyroid CA - mucocutaneous neuromas/Marfanoid

COMLEX 3 (17 decks)

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