Hematological Issues and Disorders

Question 1

The expression of the average volume and size of individual erythrocytes.

Answer 1

mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

Question 2

Normocytic

Answer 2

80-100

Question 3

The expression of the average hemoglobin concentration or proportion of each RBCs occupied by Hgb as a percentage.

Answer 3

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

Question 4

“color” of a RBC

Answer 4

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

Question 5

Normochromic

Answer 5

32-36%

Question 6

With iron-deficiency anemia, the red cell distribution width (RDW) is what?

Answer 6

increased

Question 7

With thalassemia, the red cell distribution width (RDW) is what?

Answer 7

normal, or slightly increased

Question 8

With anemia of chronic disease, the red cell distribution width (RDW) is what?

Answer 8

normal

Question 9

The number of new, young RBCs in circulation, expressed as a percentage.

Answer 9

reticulocyte count

Question 10

Index of bone marrow health and response to anemia.

Answer 10

reticulocyte count

Question 11

What is a normal reticulocyte count?

Answer 11

1-2%

Question 12

What type of anemia are IDA, thalassemia, and lead poisoning classified as in children?

Answer 12

microcytic/hypochromic

Question 13

What type of anemia are ACD, acute blood loss, and early IDA classified as?

Answer 13

normocytic, normochromic

Question 14

What is the most common age for IDA?

Answer 14

toddlers

Question 15

What can happen in toddlerhood as a result of increased reliance on whole milk at the expense of solid foods?

Answer 15

iron-deficiency anemia

Question 16

For what condition is pica a symptom of?

Answer 16

iron-deficiency anemia

Question 17

In what condition would you have the following lab values: low Hgb/Hct, low MCV, low MCHC, low RBCs, serum ferritin <30

Answer 17

iron-deficiency anemia

Question 18

What helps increase the absorption of iron?

Answer 18

orange juice

Question 19

In IDA, what dose of elemental iron should be given until Hgb normalizes?

Answer 19

3-6mg//kg/day in 1-3 doses

Question 20

In IDA, what dose of elemental iron should be given to replace iron stores?

Answer 20

2-3mg/kg/day for 4 months

Question 21

A group of hereditary disorders that are characterized by abnormal sythesis of alpha (four genes) and beta (two genes) globin chains, where one or more of each gene can be missing

Answer 21

thalassemia

Question 22

This disorder is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, meaning both parents have to carry for it to be passed on to children.

Answer 22

thalassemia

Question 23

In what condition would you have the following lab values: low Hgb, low MCV, low MCHC, increase Retic count, increase ferritin, increase T bili

Answer 23

thalassemia

Question 24

What is diagnostic for thalassemia?

Answer 24

hemoglobin electrophersis

Question 25

What is a type of anemia in which abnormal hemoglobin (due to DNA point mutation) leads to chronic hemolytic anemia?

Answer 25

sickle cell anemia

Question 26

What is an autosomal recessive disorder in which Hgb S develops instead of Hgb A?

Answer 26

sickle cell anemia

Question 27

Does a person who carries the sickle cell trait (Hgb AS) have symptoms typicaly?

Answer 27

no

Question 28

What level is considered lead poisoning?

Answer 28

>5

Question 29

What are burtonian lines (bluish discoloration of gingival border) indicative of?

Answer 29

lead poisoning

Question 30

At what level is chelation therapy indicated in lead poisoning?

Answer 30

45-69

Question 31

At what level would you refer to a hematologist for lead poisoning?

Answer 31

10-14

Question 32

What type of leukemia accounts for about 75% of cases, with peak incidence around age 4?

Answer 32

acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Question 33

What type of leukemia accounts for about 20% of all leukemia and occurs primarily in infants and older children?

Answer 33

acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Question 34

What lab finding is present in about 85% of leukemia cases?

Answer 34

thrombocytopenia (low platelet level)