Hematopoiesis II: Bone Marrow Flashcards
(27 cards)
describe lymphoid tissue
tissue that contains lymphoid stem cells. lymphoid line gives rise to B and T lymphocytes
describe meyloid tissue
tissue that contains myeloid stem cells. meyloid line gives rise to erythrocytes, platelets, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, monocytes
describe the process of blood cell renewal
stem cells (highest potentiality/self-renewing
progenitor cells
precursor cells (blasts): mitotic activity influence of growth factors
mature cells: mature morph and function
pleuripotential stem cell
embryonic stem cell, can self-renew or become committed, low mitotic activity, have potential to develop into several different types of mature cells
multipotential stem cell
adult stem cells, can develop into one or more types of cells, more limited that pleuripotential; low mitotic activity
progenitor
parent cell of each cell type; high mitotic activity; self-renewing; common in marrow or lymphoid organs; mono- or bipotential
percursor cell
stage of blood cell growth that comes just before mature cell; high mitotic activity; not self-renewing; common in marrow or lymphoid organs; mono-potential
colony forming cell
equivalent to CFU (colony forming unit); NO mitotic activity; abundant in blood and hematopoietic organs
discuss progenitor and precursor cells for platelets
pleuripotent stem cell
myeloid stem cell
megakaryoblast
megakaryocyte
platelet
discuss progenitor and precursor cells for erythrocytes
pleuripotent stem cell
myeloid stem cell
proerythroblast
reticulocyte
erythrocyte
discuss progenitor and precursor cells for granulocytes
pleuripotent stem cell
myeloid stem cell
myeloblast
granulocytes
discuss progenitor and precursor cells for B and T lymphocytes
pleuripotent stem cell
lymphoid stem cell
lymphoblast
B and T lymphocytes
discuss progenitor and precursor cells for monocytes
pleuripotent stem cell
myeloid stem cell
monoblast
promonocyte
monocytes
discuss the 5 major changes that occur to a cell during erythropoeisis
- cell size decreases
- chromatin becomes more condensed
- nuclear size decreases
- amount of mRNA decreases
- amount of hemoglobin increases
how is erythropoiesis controlled?
erythropoietin, secreted by the kidneys; kidneys have oxygen sensors that can stimulate erythropoiesis if necessary
what cells or structures help to degrade old RBCs?
macrophages of spleen, bone marrow, and liver
what is the process by which RBCs are recycled?
globin is hydrolyzed to amino acids
heme iron stored as ferritin and hemosiderin for reuse
remaining heme is degraded into bilirubin which is transported to the liver and excreted in bile via gallbladder
name the 5 stages of granulopoeisis
- myeloblast
- promyelocyte
- myelocyte
- metamyelocyte
- eosinophil, basophil, neutrophil
discuss the 4 major changes that occur to a cell during granulopoeisis
- cell size decreases
- chromatin condenses
- nucleus changes shape (round, stab, band, segmented)
- granules form (during myelocyte stage)
at what stage can you start to distinguish between types of granulocytes during granulopoeisis?
when granules start to form in the myelocyte stage
discuss the compartments for neutrophil development and maturation
- medullary formation
(in mitotic compartment for 3 days, then in maturation compartment for 4 days) - then stored in medullary storage for 4 days
- can be released to circulate in blood in response to threat
- marginating and circulating compartments (tissue invasion)
what factors control granulopoeisis
hematopoietic growth factor
discuss the maturation process of lymphocytes
lymphobast, prolymphocyte, lymphocyte; maturation starts in bone marrow then cells either mature in bone marrow or thymus depending on cell
discuss the maturation process of monocytes
leukocyte progenitor, monoblast, promonocyte, monocyte
