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Flashcards in Hemeonc 3 Deck (12)
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1
Q

larger than normal erythrocytes with insufficient amount of Hgb

A

Macrocytic anemia

2
Q

Deficiency in folate or B12

A

Megaloblastic anemia

3
Q

What happens in your body without sufficient folate and B12?

A

Ineffective production of RBC’s, WBC’s, and PLT’s
Slows DNA production (cell growth)
B12 specifically related to myelin production

4
Q

What will you see on a PBS for megaloblastic anemia? If you see these things, what should you order next?

A

1) Hypersegmented neutrophils
2) Macroovalocytes (big ovals)
Order Folate and B12 levels

5
Q

How does B12 deficiency anemia typically present?

A

severe anemia with Hgb<6
Macrocytes
+/- neuro signs (which can be initial symptom…look for dementia, neuropathy)

6
Q

What part of the GI tract absorbs dietary B12?

A

Ileum (distal small bowel)

7
Q

“tending to cause death”

A

Pernicious

8
Q

What factors can cause B12 deficiency

A

**malabsorption (most common: Crohn’s, alcohol, antacids, pancreatic insufficiency)
radiation, surgery
pernicious anemia (missing intrinsic factor)
dietary deficiency (comes from meat)

9
Q

What factors can cause folate deficiency

A

1 is alcoholism

dietary deficiency (comes from leafy greens)
increased demand (pregnancy, SS, hemolysis)
malabsorption
drugs (sulfa, anti epileptics, HIV meds)

10
Q

An increase in both MMA (methymalonic acid) and HC (homocysteine) will indicate

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

11
Q

An increase in HC with normal MMA will indicate

A

Folate deficiency anemia

12
Q

Define non-megaloblastic anemia

A

Large RBC’s, no deficiencies in B12 or folate