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Flashcards in hemodynamics Deck (35)
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1
Q

Ms. ArdMr. Ass

A

mitral sten & aortic regurg : diastolicmitral regurg & aortic sten : systolic

2
Q

pulsus tardus

A

delayed pulse to carotids because heart is beating harderassociated with aortic stenosis

3
Q

water hammer pulse

A

associated with aortic regurg

4
Q

de musset’s sign

A

head bob with heart beatassociated with aortic regurg

5
Q

quincke’s pulse

A

alternating flush/pallor in nail bedsassociated with aortic regurg

6
Q

traube’s sign

A

pistol shot sound, femoral arteryassociated with aortic regurg

7
Q

low, listen with bell

A

S3, S4, summation gallop, mitral stenosis, tricuspid stenosisS34, SMarT

8
Q

mitral stenosis associated s/s

A

won’t open therefore back up: coarse crackles, dyspnea, orthopnea, PNDa fib because atrium struggling - NO ATRIAL KICK

9
Q

what happens to chambers that get regurged into?

A

dilation - they can’t get it out

10
Q

this valve problem results in LV hypertrophy, dilation, failure

A

aortic regurgitation(PMI shifts left, fatigue, SOB, syncope, exercise intolerance)

11
Q

increased risk with aortic regurg

A

increased CHF risk (PMI shifts left, fatigue, SOB, syncope, exercise intolerance)

12
Q

commissure

A

two leaflets abnormally stuck to each other

13
Q

no atrial kick with what valve issue

A

mitral stenosis

14
Q

may hear a click with late systolic murmur

A

mitral valve prolapse

15
Q

mitral regurg results + s/s

A

decreased SV, L atrial dilationexaggerated PMI, dyspnea, orthopnea, PND, dysphagia (enlarged left atrium), PVC, SVT

16
Q

aortic stenosis s/s

A

angina (poor coronary artery perfusion)syncopeexertional dyspneaexaggerated PMIpulsus tardus

17
Q

exaggerated PMI in which valve problems

A

mitral regurgitation (LV dilated)aortic stenosis (can’t get blood out)

18
Q

valve issue intensifies with dehydration

A

mitral valve prolapse

19
Q

tricuspid stenosis

A

usually occurs with systemic problem resulting in mitral stenosis and also some sort of aortic problem

20
Q

physiological splitting S2: what & heard where

A

↑ venous return to RV = late pulmonic closure↓ return to LV d/t ↑ pulmonary capacity (inspiration) - early aortic closureheard: pulmonic

21
Q

heart sound highly suggestive of myocardial failure

A

summation gallop

22
Q

S3

A

ventricular galloppassive filling of blood into non-compliant LVbell on mitral (left lateral may help)

23
Q

S4

A

atrial gallopblood enters non-compliant LV during atrial kickbell on mitral (left lateral may help)

24
Q

if you have a fib, which heart sound will you NOT hear?

A

S4

25
Q

murmur grades

A

I - softII - think about itIII - no duhIV - murmur + thrillV - louder but needs stethoscope + thrillVI - no stethoscope needed + thrill

26
Q

systolic vs diastolicejection vs regurgitation

A

systolic:

27
Q

aortic regurg aka

A

aortic insufficiency

28
Q

PAC picks up pressure as v wave from which valve problem?

A

mitral regurgitation

29
Q

low decrescendo-crescendo

A

mitral stenosis

30
Q

high holosystolic

A

mitral regurgitation

31
Q

medium harsh diamond

A

aortic stenosis

32
Q

high blowing decrescendo

A

aortic regurg

33
Q

mean arterial pressure is

A

average pressure in the arteries throughout the cardiac cycle

  • depends on
    • the elastic properties of the arterial walls
    • mean volume of blood in arterial systems
34
Q

pulse pressure is

A

difference between systolic and diastolic pressures

- directly r/t arterial wall stiffness + SV

35
Q

cerebral perfusion pressure is

A

net pressure gradient required to perfuse brain cells