HEMOPHILUS

Question 1

Genus Haemophilus requires what factors?

Answer 1

1. Hennin (X)
2. Niacinamide adenine nucleotide (V)
   ** either or both growth factors

Question 2

H. pleuropneumonia causes what disease in swine?

Answer 2

Contagious pleuropneumonia

Question 3

H. pleuropneumonia has no capsule. True or False?

Answer 3

False. capsulated virulent strain

Question 4

Genus Haemophilus is in cocco-bacilli shaped. True or False?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Describe H. pleuropneumonia according to its oxygen requirement.

Answer 5

Facultatively anaerobic and requires atmosphere with increased CO2

Question 6

H. pleuropneumonia is non-fastidious. True or False?

Answer 6

False, it grows rapidly on BAP and enriched media

Question 7

H. pleuropneumonia has A-hemolysin. True or False?

Answer 7

False, B-hemolysin; can be enhanced by S. aureus

Question 8

Describe the colonies of H. pleuropneumonia.

Answer 8

Colonies 1-2 mm, mucoid and iridescen

Question 9

Antigens serotyping on H. pleuropneumonia is based on ____ antigen of _____ materials.

Answer 9

surface; capsular

Question 10

H. pleuropneumonia is transmitted via ?

Answer 10

respiratory route

Question 11

What are the predisposing factors in H. pleuropneumonia infection?

Answer 11

1. Inclement weather
2. Poor ventilation
3. Intercurrent infection

Question 12

Pigs are most susceptible at what age?

Answer 12

3 months old (weaning)

Question 13

______ believed to play an important role in formation of thrombi (blood clot attached to wall) and interlobular edema (edema in lungs) resulting from damage of vasculature.

Answer 13

Endotoxin

Question 14

Describe the lesions induced by H. pleuropneumonia.

Answer 14

Lesions consists of exudative and proliferative desquamative bronchopneumonia with fibrous pleuritis.

Question 15

What are the immunization methods against H. pleuropneumonia?

Answer 15

• Develops after recovery from infection
• Passive immunity (mother to offspring via colostrum, placenta, transfusion, serum etc.)

Question 16

What are the diagnostic methods for H. pleuropneumonia?

Answer 16

• Isolation on BAP
• Requirement for V factor
• Presence of B-hemolysin

Question 17

Give the main difference of H. pleuropneumonia and H. parasuis.

Answer 17

H. parasuis is not dependent on X factor (requires V factor)

Question 18

H. parasuis causes what clinical disease in swine?

Answer 18

Respiratory tract disease and polyserositis (Glasser’s disease; inflammation in serous surfaces) in swine characterized by fibrinous inflammation of serous surfaces

Question 19

H. parasuis causes _____ phenomenon in CAMP test.

Answer 19

satellitism

Question 20

_____ _____ virus predisposes swine to H. parasuis.

Answer 20

Swine influenza

Question 21

H. paragallinarum causes what disease in fowls?

Answer 21

Fowl coryza

Question 22

Between H. pleuropneumonia. H. parasuis, and H. paragallinarum, which is secondary viral invader?

Answer 22

H. paragallinarum - associated with viral infection (maybe also H. parasuis)

Question 23

Describe H. paragallinarum according to its O2 requiremnt.

Answer 23

Facultative anaerobe; grows best at 10% CO2 (carboxyphilic)

Question 24

This specie of Haemophilus requires V but not the X factor.

Answer 24

H. paragallinarum

Question 25

Transmission of H. paragallinarum is via ?

Answer 25

1. Respiratory route 2. Contaminated drinking water

Question 26

H. paragallinarum infection becomes a severe disease when ?

Answer 26

In presence of viral or mycoplasma infection → synergistic effect

Question 27

What are the antigens present in H. gallinarum?

Answer 27

**1. Heat labile surface antigens** **2. Hemagglutinating antigen (for serotyping)** - typing system known as HA-L method- antigen on outer surface of bacterial cell (only in encapsulated organism *antibody should be present for heme to not be aggluntinated

Question 28

H. somnus causes what clinical disease in swine?

Answer 28

Infectious thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME)

Question 29

H. somnus is an official Haemophilus spp. True or False?

Answer 29

False

Question 30

H. somnus is dependent on V factor. True or False?

Answer 30

False, not dependent on the two factors but rather on CO2

Question 31

H. somnus can be found in?

Answer 31

Nasal and genital cavities of cattle

Question 32

H. somnus can be predisposed via ?

Answer 32

1. Shipping 2. Climate change 3. Regrouping

Question 33

Describe the lesions induced by H. somnus.

Answer 33

Fibrinous meningitis