Hepatitis Viruses

Question 1

Hepatitis A:

• Genetic? Envelope? Shape? Virus type?
• Transmission?
• Carriers?
• Treatment? (3)
• Increase illness with?

Answer 1

• ss(+)RNA; none; icosahedral; picornavirus
• Fecal-oral
• None
• killed vaccine; supportive; active immunity
• Age

Question 2

Hepatitis E:

• Genetics? Envelope? Virus type?
• Transmission? Carrier?
• High mortality in who?
• Resevoire?
• Vaccine in US?

Answer 2

• RNA hepevirus; ss(+)RNA; naked
• Fecal-oral; no carrier
• expectant mothers
• Pigs
• None; but is in Asia

Question 3

Hepatitis B:

• Genetics? Envelope? Shape? Virus type?
• Dane particle? (5)
• HBSag? (2) HBcore? (3) HBeAg?
• HBsAg tells you? Antibodies?
• HBcAg tells you? Antibodies?
• HBeAg tells you? Antibodies?
• Transmission? (4)
  1. ) Acute 2.) Fulminant is? 3.) 3 chronics
• Treatment? (2)
• Meds? (2) Cure?
• Higher age means? But?

Answer 3

• Hepadnavirus; dsDNA w/ polymerase; ico
• Envelope + caspid proteins + caspid + core DNA + proteins
• caspid proteins/enveope; caspid + DNA + DNA poly; active infection
• Acute or chronic; immune/cure/no dz
• How long had it; IgG = old; IgM = new
• High infectivity; low infectivity
• Blood, needles, sex, placenta cross
  2. ) Severe acute 3.) a.) assymp b.) Chronic persistant c.) chronic active
• Vaccine; screen blood
• Infa pegylated/ NS; no
• Worse infection; more likely to clear

Question 4

Hepatitis D:

• Genetics?
• Requires what?
• 2 types of transmission?
• Transmitted how? (4)
• Treatment?
• Dx?

Answer 4

• ssRNA delta virus
• HBSag
  1. ) Coinfection: long incubation, more likely to clear
  2. ) Superinfection: Short inc; higher fulminant/cirr
• Blood, needles, sex, placenta cross
• HBV vaccine protects
• No good tool

Question 5

Hepatitis C:

• Type? Genetics? Envelope? Shape?
• Transmission? (4)
• Acute often what?
• Chronic %? Cirrhosis/HCC %?
• Treatment?
• How many genotypes? Most common and worst?

Answer 5

• ssRNA flavivirus; envelope; ico
• Blood, needles, sex, placenta cross
• Assymptomatic
• 80%; 20%
• No vaccine; pegylated INF/ ribavirin
• 7; geno 1

Question 6

Picornovirus:

• Genetics? Envelope? Shape?
• 5 types?
• RNA is 1 large? What breaks it up?
• 4 enteros? Transmission?

Answer 6

• ss(+)RNA; none; ico
• PERCH: polio, echo, rhino, cox, HAV
• polypeptide; protease cleaves
• Polio, cox a & b, echo; F-O

Question 7

Polio:

• 2 vaccines?
• Invades what? Goes to where?
  1. ) Mild febrile illness: more common in?
  2. ) Aseptic what?
  3. ) Paralytic polio: Risk increases with? Necrosis of?

Answer 7

• Salk = Subcut. dead; Sabin = LAV ingested
• Peyers; motor neurons
  1. ) kids
  2. ) Meningitis
  3. ) Age; anterior horn LMN’s

Question 8

Coxsackie A:

1. ) Cold rashes what?
2. ) Herpangina is?
3. ) Very contagious skin infection in kids?

Answer 8

1. ) viral meningitis
2. ) fever, sore throat, vessicles back throat
3. ) Hand, foot, mouth

Question 9

Coxsackie B:

- 3 clinical?

Answer 9

• meningitis, myo/pericarditis

- pleurodynia (pleuritic chest pain)

Question 10

Echo:

- 2 clinical?

Answer 10

• pericarditis, cold rash meningitis

Question 11

Clostridium Botulinum:

• Motile? Type of bacteria? Spores? Anaerobic?
• Toxins? Treatment?
• Found where? (4)

Answer 11

• yes; Gram (+) rods; yes; yes
• Neurotoxins; anti-toxin
• Soil, stored, honey, smoked fish

Question 12

Bacillus antracis:

• Resevoire?
• Type of bacteria? Spores? Aerobic?
• Endospores transmission? (3)
• Capsule type? Effect?
• Motile?
• 3 exotoxins?
• Clinical: Cutaneous? Pulm? GI?
• Treatment? (3)

Answer 12

• Herbevoire (sheep, goats, cows)
• Gram (+) rod; yes; yes
• Cutaneous, ingestion, inhalation
• Protein; antiphagocytic
• Non-motile
• Protective antigen, edema factor, lethal factor
• painless black vessicles; woolsorters dz, vom, bloody diarrhea
• Cipro, doxy, Raxibacumab for inhalation

Question 13

Poxvirdae:

• Type of bacteria? Replicates where? Unique?
• 2 clinical types?

Answer 13

• dsDNA with complex coat; cytoplasm; only DNA virus to do so
  1. ) Smallpox
  2. ) Molluscum cantagiousum: slin colored with central dimple

Question 14

Francisella Tularensis:
- Resevoire?
Trans? (4)
- Virulence?
- Motile? IC?
- 4 clinical manifestations?

Answer 14

• Rabbits
• Ticks, contacts, ingest, inhalation
• antiphagocytic capsule
• non motile; yes
• ulceroglandular; pneumonia; occuloglandular; typhoidal